自组织临界控制

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In applied physics, the concept of controlling self-organized criticality refers to the control of processes by which a self-organized system dissipates energy. The objective of the control is to reduce the probability of occurrence of and size of energy dissipation bursts, often called avalanches, of self-organized systems. Dissipation of energy in a self-organized critical system into a lower energy state can be costly for society, since it depends on avalanches of all sizes usually following a kind of power law distribution and large avalanches can be damaging and disruptive.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Category:Applied and interdisciplinary physics

类别: 应用和跨学科物理学

Category:Control theory

范畴: 控制理论

Schemes

Category:Chaos theory

范畴: 混沌理论

Category:Self-organization

类别: 自我组织

Several strategies have been proposed to deal with the issue of controlling self-organized criticality:

Category:Critical phenomena

范畴: 关键现象

This page was moved from wikipedia:en:Self-organized criticality control. Its edit history can be viewed at 自组织临界控制/edithistory

↑ {{cite journal In applied physics, the concept of controlling self-organized criticality refers to the control of processes by which a self-organized system dissipates energy. The objective of the control is to reduce the probability of occurrence of and size of energy dissipation bursts, often called avalanches, of self-organized systems. Dissipation of energy in a self-organized critical system into a lower energy state can be costly for society, since it depends on avalanches of all sizes usually following a kind of power law distribution and large avalanches can be damaging and disruptive. 在应用物理学中，控制自组织临界性的概念是指对自组织系统消耗能量的过程的控制。这种控制的目的是减少自组织系统发生能量耗散爆发(通常称为雪崩)的概率和规模。将一个自我组织的临界系统中的能量耗散到较低的能量状态对社会来说可能是代价高昂的，因为它依赖于各种规模的雪崩，这些雪崩通常遵循一种幂律分布，大规模雪崩可能具有破坏性和破坏性。 | author = D. O. Cajueiro and R. F. S. Andrade The modification of the degree of interdependence of the network where the avalanche spreads. Charles D. Brummitt, Raissa M. D'Souza and E. A. Leicht show that the dynamics of self-organized critical systems on complex networks depend on connectivity of the complex network. They find that while some connectivity is beneficial (since it suppresses the largest cascades in the system), too much connectivity gives space for the development of very large cascades and increases the size of capacity of the system. 雪崩蔓延地区网络相互依赖程度的修正。Charles d. Brummitt，Raissa m. d’ souza 和 e. a. lecht 证明了复杂网络上自组织临界系统的动力学依赖于复杂网络的连通性。他们发现，虽然有些连通性是有益的(因为它压制了系统中最大的级联) ，但过多的连通性为非常大的级联的发展提供了空间，并增加了系统的容量。 | year = 2010 | title = Controlling self-organized criticality in sandpile models Flood caused by systems of dams and reservoirs or interconnected valleys. 由水坝、水库或相互连接的山谷系统造成的洪水。 | journal = Physical Review E Snow avalanches that take place in snow hills. 在雪山上发生的雪崩。 | volume = 81 Forest fires in areas susceptible to a lightning bolt or a match lighting. 易受闪电或火柴照明影响的地区的森林火灾。 | pages = 015102#R Cascades of load shedding that take place in power grids (a type of power outage). The OPA model is used to study different techniques for criticality control. 电网中发生的减载级联(断电的一种形式)。利用 OPA 模型研究了不同的临界控制技术。 | doi=10.1103/physreve.81.015102 Cascading failure in the internet switching fabric. 互联网交换结构中的级联故障。 |arxiv = 1305.6648 |bibcode = 2010PhRvE..81a5102C }}
↑ {{cite journal Ischemic cascades, a series of biochemical reactions releasing toxins during moments of inadequate blood supply. 缺血性瀑布，在血液供应不足的时刻释放毒素的一系列生化反应。 | author = D. O. Cajueiro and R. F. S. Andrade Systemic risk in financial systems. 金融系统的系统性风险。 | year = 2010 Excursions in nuclear energy systems. 核能系统的游动。 | title = Controlling self-organized criticality in complex networks | journal = European Physical Journal B The failure cascades in electrical transmission and financial sectors occur because economic forces cause these systems to operate near a critical point, where avalanches of indeterminate size become possible. 发生电力传输和金融部门的故障级联是因为经济力量使这些系统在临界点附近运行，在那里可能发生规模不确定的雪崩。 | volume = 77 | pages = 291–296 | doi=10.1140/epjb/e2010-00229-8 |arxiv = 1305.6656 |bibcode = 2010EPJB...77..291C }}
↑ D. O. Cajueiro and R. F. S. Andrade (2010). "Dynamical programming approach for controlling the directed Abelian Dhar-Ramaswamy model". Physical Review E. 82: 031108. arXiv:1305.6668. Bibcode:2010PhRvE..82c1108C. doi:10.1103/physreve.82.031108.

[cajand10a-1] {{cite journal In applied physics, the concept of controlling self-organized criticality refers to the control of processes by which a self-organized system dissipates energy. The objective of the control is to reduce the probability of occurrence of and size of energy dissipation bursts, often called avalanches, of self-organized systems. Dissipation of energy in a self-organized critical system into a lower energy state can be costly for society, since it depends on avalanches of all sizes usually following a kind of power law distribution and large avalanches can be damaging and disruptive. 在应用物理学中，控制自组织临界性的概念是指对自组织系统消耗能量的过程的控制。这种控制的目的是减少自组织系统发生能量耗散爆发(通常称为雪崩)的概率和规模。将一个自我组织的临界系统中的能量耗散到较低的能量状态对社会来说可能是代价高昂的，因为它依赖于各种规模的雪崩，这些雪崩通常遵循一种幂律分布，大规模雪崩可能具有破坏性和破坏性。 | author = D. O. Cajueiro and R. F. S. Andrade The modification of the degree of interdependence of the network where the avalanche spreads. Charles D. Brummitt, Raissa M. D'Souza and E. A. Leicht show that the dynamics of self-organized critical systems on complex networks depend on connectivity of the complex network. They find that while some connectivity is beneficial (since it suppresses the largest cascades in the system), too much connectivity gives space for the development of very large cascades and increases the size of capacity of the system. 雪崩蔓延地区网络相互依赖程度的修正。Charles d. Brummitt，Raissa m. d’ souza 和 e. a. lecht 证明了复杂网络上自组织临界系统的动力学依赖于复杂网络的连通性。他们发现，虽然有些连通性是有益的(因为它压制了系统中最大的级联) ，但过多的连通性为非常大的级联的发展提供了空间，并增加了系统的容量。 | year = 2010 | title = Controlling self-organized criticality in sandpile models Flood caused by systems of dams and reservoirs or interconnected valleys. 由水坝、水库或相互连接的山谷系统造成的洪水。 | journal = Physical Review E Snow avalanches that take place in snow hills. 在雪山上发生的雪崩。 | volume = 81 Forest fires in areas susceptible to a lightning bolt or a match lighting. 易受闪电或火柴照明影响的地区的森林火灾。 | pages = 015102#R Cascades of load shedding that take place in power grids (a type of power outage). The OPA model is used to study different techniques for criticality control. 电网中发生的减载级联(断电的一种形式)。利用 OPA 模型研究了不同的临界控制技术。 | doi=10.1103/physreve.81.015102 Cascading failure in the internet switching fabric. 互联网交换结构中的级联故障。 |arxiv = 1305.6648 |bibcode = 2010PhRvE..81a5102C }}

[cajand10b-2] {{cite journal Ischemic cascades, a series of biochemical reactions releasing toxins during moments of inadequate blood supply. 缺血性瀑布，在血液供应不足的时刻释放毒素的一系列生化反应。 | author = D. O. Cajueiro and R. F. S. Andrade Systemic risk in financial systems. 金融系统的系统性风险。 | year = 2010 Excursions in nuclear energy systems. 核能系统的游动。 | title = Controlling self-organized criticality in complex networks | journal = European Physical Journal B The failure cascades in electrical transmission and financial sectors occur because economic forces cause these systems to operate near a critical point, where avalanches of indeterminate size become possible. 发生电力传输和金融部门的故障级联是因为经济力量使这些系统在临界点附近运行，在那里可能发生规模不确定的雪崩。 | volume = 77 | pages = 291–296 | doi=10.1140/epjb/e2010-00229-8 |arxiv = 1305.6656 |bibcode = 2010EPJB...77..291C }}

[cajand10c-3] D. O. Cajueiro and R. F. S. Andrade (2010). "Dynamical programming approach for controlling the directed Abelian Dhar-Ramaswamy model". Physical Review E. 82: 031108. arXiv:1305.6668. Bibcode:2010PhRvE..82c1108C. doi:10.1103/physreve.82.031108.

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