观点演化动力学
观点演化动力学（Opinion Dynamics），也叫意见动力学，着眼于网络内部的互动，以及这些互动如何可能导致变化——通常是在两种对立意见之间，例如投票给左翼或右翼政党。这些模型创建连续的"更新"轮次，每轮结束后意见都会发生变化。"当然，在使用模型作为指导探索的框架和过于字面地解释这一点之间有一条细线，"Galesic说。"它们不应该被视为对人类和人类社会的直接描述——当然，人类不是生活在晶格中的粒子！"但这些模型似乎确实产生了类似于现实世界的观点传播模式。Galesic继续说道，"这些非常简单的模型已经找到了一种仅使用几个参数来推导这些模式的方法。
Opinion-dynamics models look at interactions within networks and how these are likely to cause change – usually between two opposing opinions such as voting for a left or right wing political party. The models create successive rounds of “updates” with opinions shifting after each round. “There is of course a fine line between using a model as a framework to guide your exploration and interpreting this too literally,” says Galesic. “They shouldn’t be taken as a direct description of humans and human society – of course humans are not particles living in crystal lattices!” But the models do seem to produce patterns of opinion spread that resemble the real world. Galesic continues, “These very simple models have found a way to derive these patterns using only a few parameters.”
背景
意见动力学
人类意见动力学是人类行为动力学的一个分支，它是一门研究人类个体、群体、社团以及各种社会组织的态度、行为和交互的学科，关注他们的意见形成、演化、分裂和趋同，以及其它相关议题，比如媒体和政府政策对意见决策和行为结果的作用及影响。
Voter model
参考文献
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voter_model
Clifford, Peter; Aidan W Sudbury (1973). “A Model for Spatial Conflict”. Biometrika.
Galam model
参考文献
Galam S. Minority opinion spreading in random geometry [J]. The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2002, 25(4):403-406.
Gekle S, Peliti L, Galam S. Opinion dynamics in a three-choice system [J]. The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2005, 45(4):569-575.
social impact theory
参考文献
Latané B. The psychology of social impact.[J]. American Psychologist, 1981, 36(4):343-356.
Sznajd model
参考文献
Sznajdweron K. Sznajd model and its applications [J]. Acta Physica Polonica, 2005, 36(8):2537-2547.
SANTO FORTUNATO. THE SZNAJD CONSENSUS MODEL WITH CONTINUOUS OPINIONS [J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2005, 16(01):17-24.
Bounded confidence model
参考文献
Black R. Continuous opinion dynamics under bounded confidence: A survey[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2007, 18(12):1819-1838.
Weisbuch G. Bounded confidence and social networks [J]. European Physical Journal B, 2004, 38(2):339-343.
Deffuant model
参考文献
Guillaume Deffuant, David Neau, Frederic Amblard, et al. Mixing beliefs among interacting agents [J]. Advances in Complex Systems, 2000, 3(01n04):87-98.
Hegselmann-Krause model
参考文献
Hegselmann R, Krause U. Opinion Dynamics and Bounded Confidence Models, Analysis and Simulation [J]. Journal of Artificial Societies & Social Simulation, 2002, 5(3):2.
Ising model
参考文献
Jiang L L, Hua D Y, Zhu J F, et al. Opinion dynamics on directed small-world networks [J]. European Physical Journal B, 2008, 65(2):251-255.
Cultural model
参考文献
Axelrod R. The Dissemination of Culture: A Model with Local Convergence and Global Polarization [J]. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 1997, 41(2):203-226.
Lanchier N. Opinion dynamics with confidence threshold: an alternative to the Axelrod model [J]. Latin American Journal of Probability & Mathematical Statistics, 2012, 7(1):1-18.
博弈模型
参考文献
Ghaderi J, Srikant R. Opinion dynamics in social networks: A local interaction game with stubborn agents[C]// American Control Conference. IEEE, 2012:1982-1987.
词条整理
| 社交网络上的谣言传播 | Rumor spread in social network | |
| 社会学习数学建模 | Mathematical models of social learning | |
| 投票者模型 | voter model | |
| 帕金森定理 | Parkinson's law | |
| 帕金森琐碎定理 | Law of triviality | |
| Sznajd模型 | Sznajd model | |
| Galam模型 | Galam model | |
| 社会影响理论 | Social impact theory | |
| 有界置信模型 | Bounded confidence model | |
| Deffuant模型 | Deffuant model | |
| HK模型 | Hegselmann-Krause model | |
| Cultural model |