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第486行： − 1988年，军事战略家约翰 a。华登三世在他的书《空军战役》中介绍了五环系统模型，认为任何复杂的系统都可以分解成五个同心环。每个环节ーー领导力、流程、基础设施、人口和行动单位ーー都可以用来隔离任何需要变革的系统的关键元素。在第一次海湾战争中，空军计划人员有效地使用了该模型。< ref > { cite book | last = Warden | first = John a. III | date = September 1995 第497行：
第499行： − + + + − 20世纪90年代末，华登将他的模型应用于商业战略。+ + + +
→应用于战略思维 Applied to strategic thinking
===应用于战略思维 Applied to strategic thinking===
===应用于战略思维 Applied to strategic thinking===
1988年，军事战略家[[John A. Warden III]]在他的书《空军战役》中介绍了[[五环系统]]模型，认为任何复杂的系统都可以分解成五个同心环。每个环节——领导力、流程、基础设施、人口和行动单位——都可以用来隔离任何需要变革的系统中的关键元素。在[[第一次海湾战争]]中<ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |title=The Air Campaign: Planning for Combat |publisher=National Defense University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |date=1988 |isbn=978-1-58348-100-4 |authorlink=John A. Warden III}}</ref>，空军计划人员对该模型进行了有效利用。< ref > { cite book | last = Warden | first = John a. III | date = September 1995
In 1988, military strategist, [[John A. Warden III]] introduced the [[Warden's Five Rings|Five Ring System]] model in his book, ''The Air Campaign'', contending that any complex system could be broken down into five concentric rings. Each ring—Leadership, Processes, Infrastructure, Population and Action Units—could be used to isolate key elements of any system that needed change. The model was used effectively by Air Force planners in the [[First Gulf War]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |title=The Air Campaign: Planning for Combat |publisher=National Defense University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |date=1988 |isbn=978-1-58348-100-4 |authorlink=John A. Warden III}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |date=September 1995
In 1988, military strategist, [[John A. Warden III]] introduced the [[Warden's Five Rings|Five Ring System]] model in his book, ''The Air Campaign'', contending that any complex system could be broken down into five concentric rings. Each ring—Leadership, Processes, Infrastructure, Population and Action Units—could be used to isolate key elements of any system that needed change. The model was used effectively by Air Force planners in the [[First Gulf War]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |title=The Air Campaign: Planning for Combat |publisher=National Defense University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |date=1988 |isbn=978-1-58348-100-4 |authorlink=John A. Warden III}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |date=September 1995
In 1988, military strategist, John A. Warden III introduced the Five Ring System model in his book, The Air Campaign, contending that any complex system could be broken down into five concentric rings. Each ring—Leadership, Processes, Infrastructure, Population and Action Units—could be used to isolate key elements of any system that needed change. The model was used effectively by Air Force planners in the First Gulf War.<ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |date=September 1995
In 1988, military strategist, John A. Warden III introduced the Five Ring System model in his book, The Air Campaign, contending that any complex system could be broken down into five concentric rings. Each ring—Leadership, Processes, Infrastructure, Population and Action Units—could be used to isolate key elements of any system that needed change. The model was used effectively by Air Force planners in the First Gulf War.<ref>{{cite book |last=Warden |first=John A. III |date=September 1995
|chapter=Chapter 4: Air theory for the 21st century
|chapter=Chapter 4: Air theory for the 21st century
26,2008 | title = 未来的战场: 21世纪的战争问题 | chapter-format = in Air and Space Power Journal. | chapter-url = http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/battle/chp4.html | accessdate = December 26,2008 | title = 未来的战场: 21世纪的战争问题 | chapter-format = in Air and Space Power Journal
26,2008 | title = 未来的战场: 21世纪的战争问题 | chapter-format = in Air and Space Power Journal. | chapter-url = http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/battle/chp4.html | accessdate = December 26,2008 | title = 未来的战场: 21世纪的战争问题 | chapter-format = in Air and Space Power Journal
|publisher =United States Air Force}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Warden |first=John A. III |date=1995 |title=Enemy as a System |journal=Airpower Journal |volume=Spring |issue=9 |pages=40–55|url=http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj95/spr95_files/warden.htm |accessdate=2009-03-25 }}</ref> In the late 1990s, Warden applied his model to business strategy.<ref>{{cite book |last=Russell |first=Leland A. |author2=Warden, John A. |title=Winning in FastTime: Harness the Competitive Advantage of Prometheus in Business and in Life |publisher=GEO Group Press |location=Newport Beach, CA |date=2001 |isbn=0-9712697-1-8 }}</ref>
|publisher =United States Air Force}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Warden |first=John A. III |date=1995 |title=Enemy as a System |journal=Airpower Journal |volume=Spring |issue=9 |pages=40–55|url=http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj95/spr95_files/warden.htm |accessdate=2009-03-25 }}</ref> In the late
20世纪90年代末，Warden将他的模型应用于商业战略。<ref>{{cite book |last=Russell |first=Leland A. |author2=Warden, John A. |title=Winning in FastTime: Harness the Competitive Advantage of Prometheus in Business and in Life |publisher=GEO Group Press |location=Newport Beach, CA |date=2001 |isbn=0-9712697-1-8 }}</ref>
|publisher =United States Air Force}}</ref> In the late 1990s, Warden applied his model to business strategy.
|publisher =United States Air Force}}</ref> In the late 1990s, Warden applied his model to business strategy.
1990s, Warden applied his model to business strategy.<ref>{{cite book |last=Russell |first=Leland A. |author2=Warden, John A. |title=Winning in FastTime: Harness the Competitive Advantage of Prometheus in Business and in Life |publisher=GEO Group Press |location=Newport Beach, CA |date=2001 |isbn=0-9712697-1-8 }}</ref>
|publisher =United States Air Force}}</ref> In the late 1990s, Warden applied his model to business strategy.
==参见 See also==
==参见 See also==