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Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. Working memory is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.

Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. Working memory is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.

工作记忆是一种能暂时容纳信息的有限容量的认知系统。工作记忆对于推理、决策和行为的指导具有重要作用。工作记忆经常被用作短期记忆的同义词，但是一些理论家认为这两种记忆是不同的，假设工作记忆允许对存储的信息进行操作，而短期记忆仅指短期存储的信息。工作记忆是认知心理学、神经心理学和神经科学的核心理论概念。

工作记忆是一种能暂时容纳信息的有限容量的认知系统。工作记忆对于推理、决策和行为的指导具有重要作用。工作记忆经常被用作短期记忆的同义词，但是一些理论家认为这两种记忆是不同的，假设工作记忆允许对存储的信息进行操作，而短期记忆仅指短期存储的信息。工作记忆是认知心理学、神经心理学和神经科学的核心理论概念。

The term "working memory" was coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram, and was used in the 1960s in the context of theories that likened the mind to a computer. In 1968, Atkinson and Shiffrin used the term to describe their "short-term store". What we now call working memory was formerly referred to variously as a "short-term store" or short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is the ability to remember information over a brief period (in the order of seconds). Most theorists today use the concept of working memory to replace or include the older concept of short-term memory, marking a stronger emphasis on the notion of manipulating information rather than mere maintenance.

The term "working memory" was coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram, and was used in the 1960s in the context of theories that likened the mind to a computer. In 1968, Atkinson and Shiffrin used the term to describe their "short-term store". What we now call working memory was formerly referred to variously as a "short-term store" or short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is the ability to remember information over a brief period (in the order of seconds). Most theorists today use the concept of working memory to replace or include the older concept of short-term memory, marking a stronger emphasis on the notion of manipulating information rather than mere maintenance.

“工作记忆”这个术语是由 Miller，Galanter 和 Pribram 提出的，并在20世纪60年代被用于把大脑比作计算机的理论中。1968年，阿特金森和谢夫林用这个词来形容他们的“短期商店”。我们现在所说的工作记忆以前被称为短期记忆或短期记忆，初级记忆，即时记忆，操作记忆和暂时记忆。短时记忆是在短时间内(以秒为单位)记住信息的能力。今天的大多数理论家使用工作记忆的概念来取代或包含早期的短期记忆的概念，标志着更强调操纵信息的概念，而不仅仅是维持。

“工作记忆”这个术语是由 Miller，Galanter 和 Pribram 提出的，并在20世纪60年代被用于把大脑比作计算机的理论中。1968年，阿特金森和谢夫林用这个词来形容他们的“短期商店”。我们现在所说的工作记忆以前被称为短期记忆或短期记忆，初级记忆，即时记忆，操作记忆和暂时记忆。短时记忆是在短时间内(以秒为单位)记住信息的能力。今天的大多数理论家使用工作记忆的概念来取代或包含早期的短期记忆的概念，标志着更强调操纵信息的概念，而不仅仅是维持。