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Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. Working memory is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.

Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. Working memory is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.

工作记忆是一种能暂时容纳信息的有限容量的认知系统。工作记忆对于推理、决策和行为的指导具有重要作用。工作记忆经常被用作短期记忆的同义词，但是一些理论家认为这两种记忆是不同的，假设工作记忆允许对存储的信息进行操作，而短期记忆仅指短期存储的信息。工作记忆是认知心理学、神经心理学和神经科学的核心理论概念。

工作记忆是一种能暂时容纳信息的有限容量的认知系统。工作记忆对于推理、决策和行为的指导具有重要作用。工作记忆经常被用作短期记忆的同义词，但是一些理论家认为这两种记忆是不同的，假设工作记忆允许对存储的信息进行操作，而短期记忆仅指短期存储的信息。工作记忆是认知心理学、神经心理学和神经科学的核心理论概念。

The term "working memory" was coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram, and was used in the 1960s in the context of theories that likened the mind to a computer. In 1968, Atkinson and Shiffrin used the term to describe their "short-term store". What we now call working memory was formerly referred to variously as a "short-term store" or short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is the ability to remember information over a brief period (in the order of seconds). Most theorists today use the concept of working memory to replace or include the older concept of short-term memory, marking a stronger emphasis on the notion of manipulating information rather than mere maintenance.

The term "working memory" was coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram, and was used in the 1960s in the context of theories that likened the mind to a computer. In 1968, Atkinson and Shiffrin used the term to describe their "short-term store". What we now call working memory was formerly referred to variously as a "short-term store" or short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is the ability to remember information over a brief period (in the order of seconds). Most theorists today use the concept of working memory to replace or include the older concept of short-term memory, marking a stronger emphasis on the notion of manipulating information rather than mere maintenance.

“工作记忆”这个术语由米勒 Miller、加兰特 Galanter和普里布拉姆 Pribram 提出，在20世纪60年代用于把大脑类比作计算机的理论中。1968年，阿特金森 Atkinson和谢福林 Shiffrin 用该术语来没描述他们的“短期存储”。我们现在所说的故作记忆就是之前的“短期存储”、“短期记忆”、“初级记忆”、“即时记忆”、“操作记忆”或“临时记忆”。短期记忆是在是在再短时间内（以秒为单位）记住信息的能力。大多数理论学者现在使用“工作记忆”的概念来取代、包含了早期“短期记忆”的概念，更强调信息操纵的概念。

“工作记忆”这个术语由米勒 Miller、加兰特 Galanter和普里布拉姆 Pribram 提出，在20世纪60年代用于把大脑类比作计算机的理论中。1968年，阿特金森 Atkinson和谢福林 Shiffrin 用该术语来表述“短期存储”。我们现在所说的工作记忆就是之前的“短期存储”、“短期记忆”、“初级记忆”、“即时记忆”、“操作记忆”或“临时记忆”。短期记忆是在是在再短时间内（以秒为单位）记住信息的能力。大多数理论学者现在使用的“工作记忆”概念取代或包含了早期“短期记忆”的概念，体现出不仅维持而且强调信息操纵的观念。