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第35行：
第35行： − + 第44行：
第44行： − 集群机器人技术的研究是研究机器人的设计，其物理构造及其行为控制。它受到在群居昆虫（社会性昆虫）中观察到的涌现行为的启发，但是不受其限制，这种突发行为被称为集群智能。相对简单的个体规则会产生大量复杂的群体行为。关键组成部分是建立持续反馈系统，由小组成员之间的沟通组成。群体行为涉及到个体间因合作而产生的不断变化，以及总体的行为。+ 第51行：
第51行： − 与一般的分布式机器人系统不同，群体机器人技术强调大量的机器人并提高可扩展性，例如仅使用本地通信。该本地通信例如可以通过无线传输系统来实现，例如射频或红外。+ 第61行：
第61行： − 小型化和成本是集群机器人技术的关键因素。这些是构建大型机器人群体的限制；因此，应该强调单个团队成员的简单性。这应该激发一种群体智能方法，以在群体级别而非个人级别实现有意义的行为。针对单个机器人级别的简单性这一目标进行了大量研究。能够在集群机器人技术研究中使用实际硬件而不是在仿真中使用，可以使研究人员遇到并解决更多问题，并扩大集群研究的范围。因此，开发用于集群智能研究的简单机器人是该领域非常重要的方面。目标包括使单个机器人的成本保持较低以实现可扩展性，从而使集群中的每个成员对资源的需求更少，并提高功率/能源效率。+
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Swarm robotics is an approach to the coordination of multiple robots as a system which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots. It is supposed that a desired collective behavior emerges from the interactions between the robots and interactions of robots with the environment. This approach emerged on the field of artificial swarm intelligence, as well as the biological studies of insects, ants and other fields in nature, where swarm behaviour occurs.
Swarm robotics is an approach to the coordination of multiple robots as a system which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots. It is supposed that a desired collective behavior emerges from the interactions between the robots and interactions of robots with the environment. This approach emerged on the field of artificial swarm intelligence, as well as the biological studies of insects, ants and other fields in nature, where swarm behaviour occurs.
'''<font color="#ff8000"> 集群机器人技术Swarm robotics</font>'''是通过某一种方法将多个机器人协调为一个系统，该系统由大量的多数简单物理机器人组成。该方法假定，在机器人之间的相互作用以及机器人与环境的相互作用中，会产生一种预期的集体行为。这种方法应用于人工群体智能领域，以及对昆虫，蚂蚁和其他自然界中发生群体行为的生物学研究领域中。
'''<font color="#ff8000"> 集群机器人技术Swarm robotics</font>'''是通过某一种方法将多个机器人协调为一个系统，该系统由大量多数简单的物理机器人组成。该方法假定，在机器人之间以及机器人与环境之间的相互作用中，会产生一种预期的集体行为。该方法经常出现在人工群体智能领域，同时对昆虫，蚂蚁和其他自然界中会发生群体行为的生物学研究领域也有所囊括。
The research of swarm robotics is to study the design of robots, their physical body and their controlling behaviours. It is inspired but not limited by the emergent behaviour observed in social insects, called swarm intelligence. Relatively simple individual rules can produce a large set of complex swarm behaviours. A key-component is the communication between the members of the group that build a system of constant feedback. The swarm behaviour involves constant change of individuals in cooperation with others, as well as the behaviour of the whole group.
The research of swarm robotics is to study the design of robots, their physical body and their controlling behaviours. It is inspired but not limited by the emergent behaviour observed in social insects, called swarm intelligence. Relatively simple individual rules can produce a large set of complex swarm behaviours. A key-component is the communication between the members of the group that build a system of constant feedback. The swarm behaviour involves constant change of individuals in cooperation with others, as well as the behaviour of the whole group.
集群机器人技术的研究包括：机器人的设计，物理构造及其行为控制。它受到在社会性昆虫中观察到的涌现行为的启发，但是不受其限制，这种突发行为被称为集群智能。相对简单的个体规则会产生大量复杂的群体行为。其关键组成部分是建立起持续反馈系统，该反馈系统主要来自于小组成员之间的无间断沟通。群体行为涉及到个体在合作中不断产生的变化，同时也包括整个群体展现出的行为表现。
Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots, and promotes scalability, for instance by using only local communication. That local communication for example can be achieved by wireless transmission systems, like radio frequency or infrared.
Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots, and promotes scalability, for instance by using only local communication. That local communication for example can be achieved by wireless transmission systems, like radio frequency or infrared.
与一般的'''<font color="#ff8000"> 分布式机器人系统Distributed Robotic Systems</font>'''不同，群体机器人技术强调需要大量的机器人并提高其可扩展性，例如仅使用本地通信连接。该本地通信包括可以通过无线传输系统实现，例如射频或红外。
Miniaturization and cost are key factors in swarm robotics. These are the constraints in building large groups of robots; therefore the simplicity of the individual team member should be emphasized. This should motivate a swarm-intelligent approach to achieve meaningful behavior at swarm-level, instead of the individual level. <br />Much research has been directed at this goal of simplicity at the individual robot level. Being able to use actual hardware in research of Swarm Robotics rather than simulations allows researchers to encounter and resolve many more issues and broaden the scope of Swarm Research. Thus, development of simple robots for Swarm intelligence research is a very important aspect of the field. The goals include keeping the cost of individual robots low to allow scalability, making each member of the swarm less demanding of resources and more power/energy efficient.
Miniaturization and cost are key factors in swarm robotics. These are the constraints in building large groups of robots; therefore the simplicity of the individual team member should be emphasized. This should motivate a swarm-intelligent approach to achieve meaningful behavior at swarm-level, instead of the individual level. <br />Much research has been directed at this goal of simplicity at the individual robot level. Being able to use actual hardware in research of Swarm Robotics rather than simulations allows researchers to encounter and resolve many more issues and broaden the scope of Swarm Research. Thus, development of simple robots for Swarm intelligence research is a very important aspect of the field. The goals include keeping the cost of individual robots low to allow scalability, making each member of the swarm less demanding of resources and more power/energy efficient.
微型化和成本是集群机器人技术的两大关键因素。它们会制约着大型机器人群体的构建；因此，单个团队成员的简单性就显得尤为重要。其目的是应该基于群体级别而非单一个体级别，来激发一种群体智能方法，去实现有意义的行为。目前出现了大量关于单个机器人级别简单性目标的研究。如果能够在集群机器人技术研究中使用实际硬件操作而非通过仿真实现，就可以使研究人员遇到并解决更多问题，从而加深集群行为的研究。因此，开发用于集群智能研究的简单机器人是该领域发展中非常重要的环节。目标包括：降低单个机器人的成本，和提升它的可扩展性，从而使集群中的每个机器人对资源消耗更少，因此会提高其功率或能效。