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第298行： − 阐明与工作记忆有关的大脑区域的不同功能取决于能够区分这些功能的任务。大多数关于工作记忆的脑成像研究都使用了识别任务，比如延迟识别一个或多个刺激，或 n-back 任务，在这个任务中，一个长系列中的每个新刺激都必须与该系列中的一个 n 步后的刺激进行比较。识别任务的优势在于，它们只需要最少的运动(只需按两个键中的一个) ，使得在扫描仪中头部的固定更加容易。然而，关于工作记忆个体差异的实验研究已经大量使用了回忆任务(例如，阅读跨度任务，见下文)。目前尚不清楚识别和回忆任务在多大程度上反映了相同的过程和相同的能力限制。 + 第306行：
第306行： − 脑成像研究已经与阅读广度任务或相关任务进行。在这些任务中，PFC 和一些研究发现前扣带皮层(ACC)的激活增强。在任务中表现更好的人在这些区域表现出更大的激活增加，随着时间的推移，他们的激活相关性更强，这表明他们这两个区域的神经活动更好地协调，可能是由于更强的连接性。+
→脑内定位 Localization in the brain
Articulating the differential function of brain regions involved in working memory is dependent on tasks able to distinguish these functions. Most brain imaging studies of working memory have used recognition tasks such as delayed recognition of one or several stimuli, or the n-back task, in which each new stimulus in a long series must be compared to the one presented n steps back in the series. The advantage of recognition tasks is that they require minimal movement (just pressing one of two keys), making fixation of the head in the scanner easier. Experimental research and research on individual differences in working memory, however, has used largely recall tasks (e.g., the reading span task, see below). It is not clear to what degree recognition and recall tasks reflect the same processes and the same capacity limitations.
Articulating the differential function of brain regions involved in working memory is dependent on tasks able to distinguish these functions. Most brain imaging studies of working memory have used recognition tasks such as delayed recognition of one or several stimuli, or the n-back task, in which each new stimulus in a long series must be compared to the one presented n steps back in the series. The advantage of recognition tasks is that they require minimal movement (just pressing one of two keys), making fixation of the head in the scanner easier. Experimental research and research on individual differences in working memory, however, has used largely recall tasks (e.g., the reading span task, see below). It is not clear to what degree recognition and recall tasks reflect the same processes and the same capacity limitations.
阐明与工作记忆相关大脑区域的不同功能，取决于能够区分这些功能的任务。大多数关于工作记忆的脑成像研究都使用了识别任务，比如延迟识别一个或多个刺激，或 n-back 任务，即一个长系列中的每个新刺激都需与该系列中的一个n步后的刺激进行比较。识别任务的优势在于只需要最低限度的运动（只需二选一按键），使头部扫描的定位更加容易。然而，关于工作记忆个体差异的实验研究大量使用了回忆任务（例如，阅读广度任务，见下文）。至于识别和回忆任务能在多大程度上反映相同过程和相同能力的极限，目前尚不清楚。
Brain imaging studies have been conducted with the reading span task or related tasks. Increased activation during these tasks was found in the PFC and, in several studies, also in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). People performing better on the task showed larger increase of activation in these areas, and their activation was correlated more over time, suggesting that their neural activity in these two areas was better coordinated, possibly due to stronger connectivity.
Brain imaging studies have been conducted with the reading span task or related tasks. Increased activation during these tasks was found in the PFC and, in several studies, also in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). People performing better on the task showed larger increase of activation in these areas, and their activation was correlated more over time, suggesting that their neural activity in these two areas was better coordinated, possibly due to stronger connectivity.
脑成像研究已用于进行阅读广度任务或相关任务，发现在这些任务中PFC的激活增加，在几项研究中还发现前扣带皮层(ACC)的激活增强。任务表现更好的人在这些区域也发生大幅的激活增加，随时间推移其相关性更强，表明表明他们这两个区域的神经活动协调度更高，可能是由于更强连接性。
=== 神经模型 Neural models ===
=== 神经模型 Neural models ===