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→Relationship to other theories 与其他理论的关系
Active inference is closely related to the [[Good Regulator|good regulator theorem]]<ref>Conant, R. C., & Ashby, R. W. (1970). [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.161.3702&rep=rep1&type=pdf Every Good Regulator of a system must be a model of that system]. Int. J. Systems Sci. , 1 (2), 89–97.</ref> and related accounts of [[self-organisation]],<ref>Kauffman, S. (1993). [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lZcSpRJz0dgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq=%22The+Origins+of+Order:+Self-Organization+and+Selection+in+Evolution%22&ots=9_GMeW6MVv&sig=9qVR16wmBt2M6QL9xJu9wkeqGtg#v=onepage&q=%22The%20Origins%20of%20Order%3A%20Self-Organization%20and%20Selection%20in%20Evolution%22&f=false The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</ref><ref>Nicolis, G., & Prigogine, I. (1977). Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems. New York: John Wiley.</ref> such as [[self-assembly]], [[pattern formation]], [[autopoiesis]]<ref>Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. (1980). [http://topologicalmedialab.net/xinwei/classes/readings/Maturana/autopoesis_and_cognition.pdf Autopoiesis: the organization of the living]. In V. F. Maturana HR (Ed.), Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel.</ref> and [[practopoiesis]]<ref>Nikolić, D. (2015). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002251931500106X Practopoiesis: Or how life fosters a mind]. Journal of theoretical biology, 373, 40-61.
Active inference is closely related to the [[Good Regulator|good regulator theorem]]<ref>Conant, R. C., & Ashby, R. W. (1970). [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.161.3702&rep=rep1&type=pdf Every Good Regulator of a system must be a model of that system]. Int. J. Systems Sci. , 1 (2), 89–97.</ref> and related accounts of [[self-organisation]],<ref>Kauffman, S. (1993). [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lZcSpRJz0dgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq=%22The+Origins+of+Order:+Self-Organization+and+Selection+in+Evolution%22&ots=9_GMeW6MVv&sig=9qVR16wmBt2M6QL9xJu9wkeqGtg#v=onepage&q=%22The%20Origins%20of%20Order%3A%20Self-Organization%20and%20Selection%20in%20Evolution%22&f=false The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</ref><ref>Nicolis, G., & Prigogine, I. (1977). Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems. New York: John Wiley.</ref> such as [[self-assembly]], [[pattern formation]], [[autopoiesis]]<ref>Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. (1980). [http://topologicalmedialab.net/xinwei/classes/readings/Maturana/autopoesis_and_cognition.pdf Autopoiesis: the organization of the living]. In V. F. Maturana HR (Ed.), Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel.</ref> and [[practopoiesis]]<ref>Nikolić, D. (2015). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002251931500106X Practopoiesis: Or how life fosters a mind]. Journal of theoretical biology, 373, 40-61.</ref>.
</ref>. It addresses the themes considered in [[cybernetics]], [[Synergetics (Haken)|synergetics]]<ref>Haken, H. (1983). Synergetics: An introduction. Non-equilibrium phase transition and self-organisation in physics, chemistry and biology (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer Verlag.</ref> and [[embodied cognition]]. Because free energy can be expressed as the expected energy of observations under the variational density minus its entropy, it is also related to the [[maximum entropy principle]].<ref>Jaynes, E. T. (1957). [http://bayes.wustl.edu/etj/articles/theory.1.pdf Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics]. Physical Review Series II, 106 (4), 620–30.</ref> Finally, because the time average of energy is action, the principle of minimum variational free energy is a [[principle of least action]].
主动推理与[[灵活调整|好调节器定理]]密切相关<ref>Conant, R. C., & Ashby, R. W. (1970). [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.161.3702&rep=rep1&type=pdf Every Good Regulator of a system must be a model of that system]. Int. J. Systems Sci. , 1 (2), 89–97.</ref>以及与[[自组织]]的内容相关，<ref>Kauffman, S. (1993). [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lZcSpRJz0dgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq=%22The+Origins+of+Order:+Self-Organization+and+Selection+in+Evolution%22&ots=9_GMeW6MVv&sig=9qVR16wmBt2M6QL9xJu9wkeqGtg#v=onepage&q=%22The%20Origins%20of%20Order%3A%20Self-Organization%20and%20Selection%20in%20Evolution%22&f=false The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</ref><ref>Nicolis, G., & Prigogine, I. (1977). Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems. New York: John Wiley.</ref> 例如[[自组装]]，[[模式形成]]，[[自生]]<ref>Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. (1980). [http://topologicalmedialab.net/xinwei/classes/readings/Maturana/autopoesis_and_cognition.pdf Autopoiesis: the organization of the living]. In V. F. Maturana HR (Ed.), Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel.</ref>和[[实践]]<ref>Nikolić, D. (2015). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002251931500106X Practopoiesis: Or how life fosters a mind]. Journal of theoretical biology, 373, 40-61.</ref>.
It addresses the themes considered in [[cybernetics]], [[Synergetics (Haken)|synergetics]]<ref>Haken, H. (1983). Synergetics: An introduction. Non-equilibrium phase transition and self-organisation in physics, chemistry and biology (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer Verlag.</ref> and [[embodied cognition]]. Because free energy can be expressed as the expected energy of observations under the variational density minus its entropy, it is also related to the [[maximum entropy principle]].<ref>Jaynes, E. T. (1957). [http://bayes.wustl.edu/etj/articles/theory.1.pdf Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics]. Physical Review Series II, 106 (4), 620–30.</ref> Finally, because the time average of energy is action, the principle of minimum variational free energy is a [[principle of least action]].
它解决了[[控制论]]，[[协同学（哈肯）|协同学]]中考虑的主题<ref>Haken, H. (1983). Synergetics: An introduction. Non-equilibrium phase transition and self-organisation in physics, chemistry and biology (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer Verlag.</ref>以及[[具身认知]]。由于自由能可以表示为变分密度下观测值的期望能量减去其熵，因此它也与[[最大熵原理]]有关。<ref>Jaynes, E. T. (1957). [http://bayes.wustl.edu/etj/articles/theory.1.pdf Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics]. Physical Review Series II, 106 (4), 620–30.</ref> 最后，由于能量的时间平均是作用量，最小变分自由能原理是一种[[最小作用原理]]。
These schematics illustrate the partition of states into internal and hidden or external states that are separated by a Markov blanket – comprising sensory and active states. The lower panel shows this partition as it would be applied to action and perception in the brain; where active and internal states minimise a free energy functional of sensory states. The ensuing self-organisation of internal states then correspond perception, while action couples brain states back to external states. The upper panel shows exactly the same dependencies but rearranged so that the internal states are associated with the intracellular states of a cell, while the sensory states become the surface states of the cell membrane overlying active states (e.g., the actin filaments of the cytoskeleton).
These schematics illustrate the partition of states into internal and hidden or external states that are separated by a Markov blanket – comprising sensory and active states. The lower panel shows this partition as it would be applied to action and perception in the brain; where active and internal states minimise a free energy functional of sensory states. The ensuing self-organisation of internal states then correspond perception, while action couples brain states back to external states. The upper panel shows exactly the same dependencies but rearranged so that the internal states are associated with the intracellular states of a cell, while the sensory states become the surface states of the cell membrane overlying active states (e.g., the actin filaments of the cytoskeleton).