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第1行： − 此词条暂由Henry翻译。已由WildBoar完成审校+ − + − {{other uses|Domino Effect (disambiguation)}} − − [[Image:Domino 01.jpg|thumb|Domino effect events]] − − Domino effect events − − <font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺效应 Domino effect</font>事件 − − − − (Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion. − − − − − A '''domino effect''' or '''[[chain reaction]]''' is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events.<ref>{{cite web|title=domino effect|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/domino+effect|website=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex, Inc.|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref> The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a [[Domino show|falling row]] of [[dominoes]]. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). The term ''domino effect'' is used both to imply that an event is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen), and conversely to imply that an event is impossible or highly unlikely (the one domino left standing). − − A domino effect or chain reaction is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events. The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a falling row of dominoes. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). The term domino effect is used both to imply that an event is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen), and conversely to imply that an event is impossible or highly unlikely (the one domino left standing). − − <font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺效应 Domino effect</font>或连锁反应是一个事件引发一连串类似事件时所产生的累积效应。<ref>{{cite web|title=domino effect|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/domino+effect|website=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex, Inc.|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref>这个术语最广为人知的就是机械效应，它可以类比为一排正在倒下的多米诺骨牌。它通常指相邻事件之间的时间间隔相对较小的一系列事件。它可以按字面意思使用(观察到的一系列实际碰撞) ，也可以隐喻性地使用(例如全球金融或政治系统中的因果联系)。术语“多米诺效应”既用来暗示某一事件是不可避免或极有可能发生的(因为第一块多米诺骨牌已经倒了) ，也可用来反过来暗示某一事件是不可能发生的或极不可能发生的(第一个多米诺骨牌还站着 )。 − − − − == Demonstration of the effect == − 效应展示 − − The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of [[dominoes]] upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the [[potential energy]] of the dominoes due to them being in a [[metastable]] state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on. − The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of dominoes upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the potential energy of the dominoes due to them being in a metastable state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on.+ + − The domino effect is exploited in [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s. − − The domino effect is exploited in Rube Goldberg machines. − − 多米诺效应在<font color="#ff8000"> 鲁布·戈德堡机械 Rube Goldberg machine</font> − 中应用。 − − − − ==Appearances in media== − 媒体中的表现 − *''[[Domino Day]]'' – world record attempt for the highest number of toppling domino stones. − − 多米诺日--世界纪录推倒最多多米诺骨牌的尝试 − − ==See also== − 参阅 − − − *[[Ripple effect]] − <font color="#ff8000"> 波及反应 Ripple effect</font> − *[[Rube Goldberg machine]] − <font color="#ff8000"> 鲁布·戈德堡机械</font> − − Relevant physical theory: − Relevant physical theory:+ + − 相关物理理论: − + − <font color="#ff8000"> 蝴蝶效应 Butterfly effect</font>+ + − [[Cascading failure]] − <font color="#ff8000"> 级联失效 Cascading failure</font> − *[[Causality]] − <font color="#ff8000"> 因果律 Causality</font> − *[[Chain reaction]] − <font color="#ff8000"> 连锁反应 Chain reaction</font> − *[[Snowball effect]] − <font color="#ff8000"> 雪球效应 Snowball effect</font> − Mathematical theory+ − Mathematical theory+ + + + + − 数学理论 − *[[Mathematical induction]]+ − <font color="#ff8000"> 数学归纳法 Mathematical induction</font> − Political theory+ − Political theory − 政治理论+ − + − <font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺理论 Domino theory</font> − Social+ − Social+ + + − 社交 − *[[Chinese whispers]]+ − 三人成虎 − *[[Behavioral contagion]] − 行为传染 − *[[Copycat crime]] − 模仿犯罪 − − − − 参考 − {{commons category}} + + − ==Further reading==+ − 深度阅读 − *''Impact Mechanics'', W. J. Stronge, Cambridge University Press, 2004, {{ISBN|0-521-60289-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-521-60289-1}} − − − − {{DEFAULTSORT:Domino Effect}} − − [[Category:Metaphors referring to objects]] − − Category:Metaphors referring to objects − − 类别: 指事物的隐喻 − − [[Category:Causality]] − − Category:Causality − − 分类: 因果关系 − − <noinclude> − − <small>This page was moved from [[wikipedia:en:Domino effect]]. Its edit history can be viewed at [[多米诺效应/edithistory]]</small></noinclude> − + +
无编辑摘要
[[Image:Domino effect.jpg|thumb|upright|(上图)竖立的多米诺骨牌。(下图)运动中的多米诺骨牌。]]
'''多米诺效应 Domino effect''',亦称'''连锁反应'''，是指一个事件引发一连串类似事件时所产生的累积效应。<ref>{{cite web|title=domino effect|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/domino+effect|website=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex, Inc.|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref>这个术语最广为人知的就是机械效应，它可以类比为一排正在倒下的多米诺骨牌。它通常指相邻事件之间的时间间隔相对较小的一系列事件。它可以按字面意思使用（观察到的一系列实际碰撞） ，也可以隐喻性地使用（例如全球金融或政治系统中的因果联系）。“多米诺效应”既用来暗示某一事件是不可避免或极有可能发生的（因为第一块多米诺骨牌已经倒了），也可用来反过来暗示某一事件是不可能发生的或极不可能发生的（第一个多米诺骨牌还站着）。
[[Image:Domino effect.jpg|thumb|upright|(Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion.]]
(上图)竖立的多米诺骨牌。(下图)运动中的多米诺骨牌。
== 效应展示 ==
将一排多米诺骨牌竖立起来，每个骨牌之间相隔一小段距离，就可以很容易地看到多米诺骨牌效应。在推倒第一张多米诺骨牌后，下一张多米诺骨牌就会被推倒，如此循环往复，这样就形成了一个线性链，每一张多米诺骨牌的倒下都是由之前的多米诺骨牌触发的。不管链的长度如何，效果都是一样的。这种连锁反应所使用的能量是多米诺骨牌处于亚稳态时的势能; 当第一个多米诺骨牌被推倒时，下落所转移的能量大于推倒下一个多米诺骨牌所需要的能量，以此类推。
将一排多米诺骨牌竖立起来，每个骨牌之间相隔一小段距离，就可以很容易地看到多米诺骨牌效应。在推倒第一张多米诺骨牌后，下一张多米诺骨牌就会被推倒，如此循环往复，这样就形成了一个线性链，每一张多米诺骨牌的倒下都是由之前的多米诺骨牌触发的。不管链的长度如何，效果都是一样的。这种连锁反应所使用的能量是多米诺骨牌处于亚稳态时的势能; 当第一个多米诺骨牌被推倒时，下落所转移的能量大于推倒下一个多米诺骨牌所需要的能量，以此类推。
多米诺效应在<font color="#ff8000"> 鲁布·戈德堡机械 Rube Goldberg machine</font>中应用。
==媒体中的表现==
*多米诺日 Domino Day--世界纪录推倒最多多米诺骨牌的尝试
*[[Butterfly effect]]
==参阅==
*[[波及反应 Ripple effect]]
*[[鲁布·戈德堡机械 Rube Goldberg machine]]
相关物理理论：
*[[蝴蝶效应]] Butterfly effect
*[[级联失效]] Cascading failure
*[[因果律]] Causality
*[[连锁反应]] Chain reaction
*[[雪球效应]] Snowball effect
数学理论：
*[[数学归纳法 Mathematical induction]]
政治理论：
*[[Domino theory]]
*[[多米诺理论 Domino theory]]
社交：
*三人成虎 Chinese whispers
*行为传染 Behavioral contagion
*模仿犯罪 Copycat crime
==参考==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
==进一步阅读==
*''Impact Mechanics'', W. J. Stronge, Cambridge University Press, 2004,
此词条暂由Henry翻译。已由WildBoar完成审校
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[[Category:指事物的隐喻]
[[Category:因果关系]]