| Spontaneous orders are to be distinguished from organizations. Spontaneous orders are distinguished by being [[scale-free networks]], while organizations are hierarchical networks. Further, organizations can be and often are a part of spontaneous social orders, but the reverse is not true. Further, while organizations are created and controlled by humans, spontaneous orders are created, controlled, ''and controllable'' by no one.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} In economics and the social sciences, spontaneous order is defined as "the result of human actions, not of human design".<ref>{{Cite book|title=Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics|last=Hayek|first=Friedrich A.|publisher=Touchstone|year=1969|isbn=978-0671202460|location=|page=97|quote=}}</ref> | | Spontaneous orders are to be distinguished from organizations. Spontaneous orders are distinguished by being [[scale-free networks]], while organizations are hierarchical networks. Further, organizations can be and often are a part of spontaneous social orders, but the reverse is not true. Further, while organizations are created and controlled by humans, spontaneous orders are created, controlled, ''and controllable'' by no one.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} In economics and the social sciences, spontaneous order is defined as "the result of human actions, not of human design".<ref>{{Cite book|title=Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics|last=Hayek|first=Friedrich A.|publisher=Touchstone|year=1969|isbn=978-0671202460|location=|page=97|quote=}}</ref> |
− | 自发的秩序要与组织区分开来。自发秩序的特点在于它是[[无规模的网络]],而组织是等级网络。此外,组织可以是而且往往是自发的社会秩序的一部分,但反之则不然。同时,组织是由人类创造和控制的,而自发的秩序则是可以由任何人创造、控制的。在经济学和社会科学中,自发秩序被定义为 “人类行动的结果,而非人类设计的结果”。
| + | 自发秩序要与组织区分开来。二者的区别在于自发秩序是[[无规模的网络]],而组织是等级网络。此外,组织可以是而且往往是自发的社会秩序的一部分,但反之则不然。同时,组织是由人类创造和控制的,而自发的秩序则是可以由任何人创造、控制的。在经济学和社会科学中,自发秩序被定义为 “人类行动的结果,而非人类设计的结果”。 |
| Lawrence Reed, president of the Foundation for Economic Education, describes spontaneous order as follows: | | Lawrence Reed, president of the Foundation for Economic Education, describes spontaneous order as follows: |
| Spontaneous order is an equilibrium behavior between self-interested individuals, which is most likely to evolve and survive, obeying the natural selection process "survival of the likeliest".<ref name="springer1"> Yong Tao, Spontaneous economic order, Journal of Evolutionary Economics (2016) 26 (3): 467-500 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00191-015-0432-6</ref> | | Spontaneous order is an equilibrium behavior between self-interested individuals, which is most likely to evolve and survive, obeying the natural selection process "survival of the likeliest".<ref name="springer1"> Yong Tao, Spontaneous economic order, Journal of Evolutionary Economics (2016) 26 (3): 467-500 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00191-015-0432-6</ref> |
| Spontaneous order is what happens when you leave people alone—when entrepreneurs... see the desires of people... and then provide for them. | | Spontaneous order is what happens when you leave people alone—when entrepreneurs... see the desires of people... and then provide for them. |