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自发秩序要与组织区分开来。二者的区别在于自发秩序是[[无标度网络]]，而组织是层级网络。此外，组织往往是自发的社会秩序的一部分，但反之则不然。同时，组织是由人类创造和控制的，而自发的秩序则是可以由任何人创造、控制的。在经济学和社会科学中，自发秩序被定义为 “人类行动的结果，而非人类设计的结果”。<ref>{{Cite book|title=Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics|last=Hayek|first=Friedrich A.|publisher=Touchstone|year=1969|isbn=978-0671202460|location=|page=97|quote=}}</ref>

自发秩序要与组织区分开来。二者的区别在于自发秩序是[[无标度网络]]，而组织是层级网络。此外，组织往往是自发的社会秩序的一部分，但反之则不然。同时，组织是由人类创造和控制的，而自发的秩序则是可以由任何人创造、控制的。在经济学和社会科学中，自发秩序被定义为 “人类行动的结果，而非人类设计的结果”。<ref>{{Cite book|title=Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics|last=Hayek|first=Friedrich A.|publisher=Touchstone|year=1969|isbn=978-0671202460|location=|page=97|quote=}}</ref>

==历史==

==历史==

[[Lawrence Reed]], president of the [[Foundation for Economic Education]], describes spontaneous order as follows:

经济教育基金会主席Lawrence Reed对自发秩序的描述如下:

 

<blockquote>

<blockquote>

Spontaneous order is what happens when you leave people alone—when entrepreneurs... see the desires of people... and then provide for them.

自发秩序是当你不去管别人....当企业家....看到人们的欲望....然后按需提供给他们。

自发秩序对市场信号、价格做出反应。价格告诉人们市场需求、需求程度以及市场在哪里。而且，这比依靠鞭长莫及的官僚机构里的一小群精英要好得多，同时效率也更高。<ref>[[John Stossel|Stossel, John]] (2011-02-10) [http://reason.com/archives/2011/02/10/spontaneous-order/singlepage Spontaneous Order], ''[[Reason magazine|Reason]]''</ref>

 

They respond to market signals, to prices. Prices tell them what's needed and how urgently and where. And it's infinitely better and more productive than relying on a handful of elites in some distant bureaucracy.<ref>[[John Stossel|Stossel, John]] (2011-02-10) [http://reason.com/archives/2011/02/10/spontaneous-order/singlepage Spontaneous Order], ''[[Reason magazine|Reason]]''</ref>

</blockquote>

</blockquote>

   --[[用户:CecileLi|CecileLi]]([[用户讨论:CecileLi|讨论]])  【审校】补充翻译：自发秩序对市场信号、价格做出反应。价格告诉人们市场需求、需求程度以及市场在哪里。而且，这比依靠鞭长莫及的官僚机构里的一小群精英要好得多，同时效率也更高。

    

 

 

 

Hayek, or at least his followers on the contemporary British and American political scene ‐ have wrongly inferred strong conclusions from these theories which are inimical to the welfare state by failing to reconcile the rule of law to social justice.<ref>MACCORMICK, D.N. (1989), Spontaneous Order and the Rule of Law: Some Problems. Ratio Juris, 2: 41-54. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9337.1989.tb00025.x</ref>

Hayek, or at least his followers on the contemporary British and American political scene ‐ have wrongly inferred strong conclusions from these theories which are inimical to the welfare state by failing to reconcile the rule of law to social justice.<ref>MACCORMICK, D.N. (1989), Spontaneous Order and the Rule of Law: Some Problems. Ratio Juris, 2: 41-54. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9337.1989.tb00025.x</ref>

哈耶克，或者至少是他在当代英美政治舞台上的追随者--从这些理论中错误地推断出了强烈的结论，这些结论因未能调和法治与社会正义而与福利国家相悖。

哈耶克，或者至少是他在当代英美政治舞台上的追随者--从这些理论中错误地推断出了强烈的结论，这些结论因未能调和法治与社会正义而与福利国家相悖。

===博弈研究===

===博弈研究===