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[[File:Two women operating ENIAC.gif|thumb|280px|The ENIAC main control panel at the [[Moore School of Electrical Engineering]]]]

[[File:Two women operating ENIAC.gif|thumb|280px|The ENIAC main control panel at the [[Moore School of Electrical Engineering]]]]

数值天气预报的历史起于20世纪20年代，这得益于 Lewis Fry Richardson 使用了 Vihelm Bjerknes 开发的方法的成果。<ref name="Lynch JCP">{{cite journal|last=Lynch|author-link=Peter Lynch (meteorologist)|first=Peter|title=The origins of computer weather prediction and climate modeling|journal=[[Journal of Computational Physics]]|date=2008-03-20|volume=227|issue=7|pages=3431–44|doi= 10.1016/j.jcp.2007.02.034 |url=http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/personal/miskandarani/Courses/MPO662/Lynch,Peter/OriginsCompWF.JCP227.pdf|access-date= 2010-12-23 |bibcode=2008JCoPh.227.3431L|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708191309/http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/personal/miskandarani/Courses/MPO662/Lynch,Peter/OriginsCompWF.JCP227.pdf|archive-date=2010-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Lynch Ch1">{{cite book|last=Lynch |first= Peter |title=The Emergence of Numerical Weather Prediction|year=2006|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-0-521-85729-1|pages=1–27 |chapter= Weather Prediction by Numerical Process}}</ref>直到计算机和计算机模拟时代的到来，计算时间才降低到少于被预测时段。ENIAC 在1950年发明了第一台计算机预测系统，<ref name="Charney 1950">{{cite journal|last1= Charney|first1=Jule|last2=Fjörtoft|first2=Ragnar|last3=von Neumann|first3=John|title=Numerical Integration of the Barotropic Vorticity Equation|journal= Tellus|date=November 1950|volume=2|issue=4|doi=10.3402/tellusa.v2i4.8607|author-link1=Jule Charney|author-link3=John von Neumann|bibcode= 1950TellA...2..237C |pages=237–254|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Storm Watchers|page=[https://archive.org/details/stormwatcherstur00cox_df1/page/208 208]|year=2002|author=Cox, John D.|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=978-0-471-38108-2|url=https://archive.org/details/stormwatcherstur00cox_df1/page/208}}</ref>之后功能更强大的计算机增加了初始数据集的规模，并包含了更复杂的运动方程的版本。<ref name="Harper BAMS">{{cite journal|last=Harper|first=Kristine|author2=Uccellini, Louis W.|author3= Kalnay, Eugenia|author4= Carey, Kenneth|author5= Morone, Lauren|title=2007: 50th Anniversary of Operational Numerical Weather Prediction|journal=[[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]]|date=May 2007|volume=88|issue=5|pages=639–650|doi=10.1175/BAMS-88-5-639 |bibcode=2007BAMS...88..639H |doi-access=free}}</ref>1966年，西德和美国开始根据原始方程模式制作业务预测系统，1972年英国和1977年澳大利亚紧随其后。<ref name="Lynch JCP"/><ref name="Leslie BOM">{{cite journal|last=Leslie|first=L.M.|author2=Dietachmeyer, G.S.|title=Real-time limited area numerical weather prediction in Australia: a historical perspective|journal=Australian Meteorological Magazine|date=December 1992|volume=41|issue=SP|pages=61–77|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/amoj/docs/1992/leslie2.pdf|access-date=2011-01-03|publisher=[[Bureau of Meteorology]]}}</ref> The development of global [[Forecasting#Categories of forecasting methods|forecasting models]] led to the first climate models.<ref name="Phillips"/><ref name="Cox210"/>全球预报模式的发展导致了第一个气候模式的诞生。在20世纪70年代和20世纪80年代，有限区域（区域性）模式的发展推动了热带气旋轨道和空气质量预报的进步。<ref name="Shuman W&F">{{cite journal|last=Shuman|first=Frederick G.|author-link=Frederick Gale Shuman|title=History of Numerical Weather Prediction at the National Meteorological Center|journal=[[Weather and Forecasting]]|date=September 1989|volume=4|issue=3|pages=286–296|doi= 10.1175/1520-0434(1989)004<0286:HONWPA>2.0.CO;2 |issn=1520-0434|bibcode=1989WtFor...4..286S|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Steyn, D. G. 1991 241–242">{{cite book|title=Air pollution modeling and its application VIII, Volume 8|author=Steyn, D. G.|publisher=Birkhäuser|year=1991|pages=241–242|isbn= 978-0-306-43828-8}}</ref>

数值天气预报的历史起于20世纪20年代，这得益于 Lewis Fry Richardson 使用了 Vihelm Bjerknes 开发的方法的成果。<ref name="Lynch JCP">{{cite journal|last=Lynch|author-link=Peter Lynch (meteorologist)|first=Peter|title=The origins of computer weather prediction and climate modeling|journal=[[Journal of Computational Physics]]|date=2008-03-20|volume=227|issue=7|pages=3431–44|doi= 10.1016/j.jcp.2007.02.034 |url=http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/personal/miskandarani/Courses/MPO662/Lynch,Peter/OriginsCompWF.JCP227.pdf|access-date= 2010-12-23 |bibcode=2008JCoPh.227.3431L|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708191309/http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/personal/miskandarani/Courses/MPO662/Lynch,Peter/OriginsCompWF.JCP227.pdf|archive-date=2010-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Lynch Ch1">{{cite book|last=Lynch |first= Peter |title=The Emergence of Numerical Weather Prediction|year=2006|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-0-521-85729-1|pages=1–27 |chapter= Weather Prediction by Numerical Process}}</ref>直到计算机和计算机模拟时代的到来，计算时间才降低到少于被预测时段。ENIAC 在1950年发明了第一台计算机预测系统，<ref name="Charney 1950">{{cite journal|last1= Charney|first1=Jule|last2=Fjörtoft|first2=Ragnar|last3=von Neumann|first3=John|title=Numerical Integration of the Barotropic Vorticity Equation|journal= Tellus|date=November 1950|volume=2|issue=4|doi=10.3402/tellusa.v2i4.8607|author-link1=Jule Charney|author-link3=John von Neumann|bibcode= 1950TellA...2..237C |pages=237–254|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Storm Watchers|page=[https://archive.org/details/stormwatcherstur00cox_df1/page/208 208]|year=2002|author=Cox, John D.|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=978-0-471-38108-2|url=https://archive.org/details/stormwatcherstur00cox_df1/page/208}}</ref>之后功能更强大的计算机增加了初始数据集的规模，并包含了更复杂的运动方程的版本。<ref name="Harper BAMS">{{cite journal|last=Harper|first=Kristine|author2=Uccellini, Louis W.|author3= Kalnay, Eugenia|author4= Carey, Kenneth|author5= Morone, Lauren|title=2007: 50th Anniversary of Operational Numerical Weather Prediction|journal=[[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]]|date=May 2007|volume=88|issue=5|pages=639–650|doi=10.1175/BAMS-88-5-639 |bibcode=2007BAMS...88..639H |doi-access=free}}</ref>1966年，西德和美国开始根据原始方程模式制作业务预测系统，1972年英国和1977年澳大利亚紧随其后。<ref name="Lynch JCP"/><ref name="Leslie BOM">{{cite journal|last=Leslie|first=L.M.|author2=Dietachmeyer, G.S.|title=Real-time limited area numerical weather prediction in Australia: a historical perspective|journal=Australian Meteorological Magazine|date=December 1992|volume=41|issue=SP|pages=61–77|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/amoj/docs/1992/leslie2.pdf|access-date=2011-01-03|publisher=[[Bureau of Meteorology]]}}</ref> 全球预报模式的发展导致了第一个气候模式的诞生。<ref name="Phillips"/><ref name="Cox210"/>在20世纪70年代和20世纪80年代，有限区域（区域性）模式的发展推动了热带气旋轨道和空气质量预报的进步。<ref name="Shuman W&F">{{cite journal|last=Shuman|first=Frederick G.|author-link=Frederick Gale Shuman|title=History of Numerical Weather Prediction at the National Meteorological Center|journal=[[Weather and Forecasting]]|date=September 1989|volume=4|issue=3|pages=286–296|doi= 10.1175/1520-0434(1989)004<0286:HONWPA>2.0.CO;2 |issn=1520-0434|bibcode=1989WtFor...4..286S|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Steyn, D. G. 1991 241–242">{{cite book|title=Air pollution modeling and its application VIII, Volume 8|author=Steyn, D. G.|publisher=Birkhäuser|year=1991|pages=241–242|isbn= 978-0-306-43828-8}}</ref>