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第75行： − 【最终版】+ + + + + − + + + − = = 家庭 = = 图灵出生于梅达韦尔，而他的父亲朱利叶斯 · 马西森 · 图灵(1873-1947)正在杰德拉布尔的印度公务员部门休假，然后在印度马德拉斯省服役，目前在 Odisha。图灵的父亲是牧师的儿子。约翰 · 罗伯特 · 图灵，来自一个苏格兰商人家庭，家庭的基地在荷兰，包括一个准男爵。图灵的母亲，朱利叶斯的妻子，埃塞尔 · 萨拉 · 图灵(Ethel Sara Turing; 1881-1976) ，是马德拉斯铁路公司总工程师爱德华 · 沃勒 · 斯托尼(Edward Waller Stoney)的女儿。斯通伊斯是一个来自蒂珀雷里郡和 County Longford 的盎格鲁-爱尔兰新教贵族家庭，而埃塞尔本人在克莱尔郡度过了她童年的大部分时光。菲尔 · 马奎尔，《一个爱尔兰人的日记》 ，第5页。爱尔兰时报，2012年6月23日。+ + + + + + + − + + + + + +
无编辑摘要
战后，图灵在国家物理实验室工作，在那里他设计了自动计算机引擎(ACE) ，这是储存程式计算机的第一个设计。1948年，图灵加入了曼彻斯特维多利亚大学马克斯 · 纽曼的计算机实验室，在那里他帮助开发了曼彻斯特计算机，并对数学生物学产生了兴趣。他写了一篇关于形态形成的化学基础的论文，并预言了一些振荡的化学反应，如1960年代首次观察到的 Belousov-Zhabotinsky 反应。尽管取得了这些成就，但在他有生之年，他在祖国从未得到充分认可，因为他的大部分工作都受到《官方保密法》的保护。奥林尼克，m.(2021)。简单的图灵。美国: 简称 Charly，ch.15.
战后，图灵在国家物理实验室工作，在那里他设计了自动计算机引擎(ACE) ，这是储存程式计算机的第一个设计。1948年，图灵加入了曼彻斯特维多利亚大学马克斯 · 纽曼的计算机实验室，在那里他帮助开发了曼彻斯特计算机，并对数学生物学产生了兴趣。他写了一篇关于形态形成的化学基础的论文，并预言了一些振荡的化学反应，如1960年代首次观察到的 Belousov-Zhabotinsky 反应。尽管取得了这些成就，但在他有生之年，他在祖国从未得到充分认可，因为他的大部分工作都受到《官方保密法》的保护。奥林尼克，m.(2021)。简单的图灵。美国: 简称 Charly，ch.15.
【最终版】战后，图灵在国家物理实验室工作，在那里他设计了自动计算引擎(ACE)，这是存储程序计算机的第一批设计之一。1948年，图灵加入了曼彻斯特维多利亚大学的马克斯·纽曼计算机器实验室，在那里，他帮助开发了曼彻斯特计算机，并对数学生物学产生了兴趣。他写了一篇关于形态发生的化学基础的论文，并预测了振荡的化学反应，如在20世纪60年代首次观察到的别洛乌索夫-扎博茨基反应。尽管取得了这些成就，但在他的一生中，他在自己的祖国从未得到充分认可，因为他的大部分工作都受到了《官方保密法》(Official Secrets Act)的保护。
Turing was prosecuted in 1952 for [[Gross indecency|homosexual acts]]. He accepted [[chemical castration]] treatment, with [[Diethylstilbestrol|DES]], as an alternative to prison. Turing died in 1954, 16 days before his 42nd birthday, from [[cyanide poisoning]]. An inquest determined his death as a suicide, but it has been noted that the known evidence is also consistent with accidental poisoning.
Turing was prosecuted in 1952 for [[Gross indecency|homosexual acts]]. He accepted [[chemical castration]] treatment, with [[Diethylstilbestrol|DES]], as an alternative to prison. Turing died in 1954, 16 days before his 42nd birthday, from [[cyanide poisoning]]. An inquest determined his death as a suicide, but it has been noted that the known evidence is also consistent with accidental poisoning.
灵在1952年因同性恋行为被起诉。他接受了药物洗脱支架的化学阉割治疗，作为监狱的替代方案。图灵1954年死于氰化物中毒，距他42岁生日还有16天。调查确定他的死因是自杀，但已知的证据也与意外中毒相符。
灵在1952年因同性恋行为被起诉。他接受了药物洗脱支架的化学阉割治疗，作为监狱的替代方案。图灵1954年死于氰化物中毒，距他42岁生日还有16天。调查确定他的死因是自杀，但已知的证据也与意外中毒相符。
【最终版】1952年，图灵因同性恋行为被起诉。他接受了化学阉割治疗，用DES来替代监狱。1954年，离他42岁生日还有16天，图灵死于氰化物中毒。调查确定他的死亡为自杀，但已指出，已知的证据也与意外中毒相一致。
In 2009, following an [[Internet campaign]], British Prime Minister [[Gordon Brown]] made an [[#Government apology and pardon support|official public apology]] on behalf of the British government for "the appalling way he was treated". [[Queen Elizabeth II]] granted Turing a posthumous pardon in 2013. The "[[Alan Turing law]]" is now an informal term for a 2017 law in the United Kingdom that retroactively pardoned men cautioned or convicted under historical legislation that outlawed homosexual acts.<ref name="BBC-pardon">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37711518 |title='Alan Turing law': Thousands of gay men to be pardoned |date=20 October 2016 |access-date=20 October 2016 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020125029/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37711518 |archive-date=20 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Turing has an [[Legacy of Alan Turing|extensive legacy]] with statues of him and [[List of things named after Alan Turing|many things named after him]], including an [[Turing Award|annual award]] for computer science innovations. He appears on the current [[Bank of England £50 note]], which was released to coincide with his birthday. A [[Icons: The Greatest Person of the 20th Century|2019 BBC series]], as voted by the audience, named him the greatest person of the 20th century.
In 2009, following an [[Internet campaign]], British Prime Minister [[Gordon Brown]] made an [[#Government apology and pardon support|official public apology]] on behalf of the British government for "the appalling way he was treated". [[Queen Elizabeth II]] granted Turing a posthumous pardon in 2013. The "[[Alan Turing law]]" is now an informal term for a 2017 law in the United Kingdom that retroactively pardoned men cautioned or convicted under historical legislation that outlawed homosexual acts.<ref name="BBC-pardon">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37711518 |title='Alan Turing law': Thousands of gay men to be pardoned |date=20 October 2016 |access-date=20 October 2016 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020125029/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37711518 |archive-date=20 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Turing has an [[Legacy of Alan Turing|extensive legacy]] with statues of him and [[List of things named after Alan Turing|many things named after him]], including an [[Turing Award|annual award]] for computer science innovations. He appears on the current [[Bank of England £50 note]], which was released to coincide with his birthday. A [[Icons: The Greatest Person of the 20th Century|2019 BBC series]], as voted by the audience, named him the greatest person of the 20th century.
2009年，在一场网络运动之后，英国首相戈登 · 布朗代表英国政府就“他受到的骇人听闻的对待”发表了正式的公开道歉。伊丽莎白二世在2013年给予图灵死后赦免。“阿兰 · 图灵法”现在是英国2017年一项法律的非正式术语，该法律追溯性地赦免了那些根据历史法律被警告或定罪的同性恋行为。图灵有着广泛的遗产，雕像和许多以他的名字命名的东西，包括一个年度计算机科学创新奖。他出现在当前英格兰银行发行的50英镑纸币上，这张纸币是在他生日那天发行的。2019年 BBC 的一个系列节目，经过观众投票，将他评为20世纪最伟大的人物。
2009年，在一场网络运动之后，英国首相戈登 · 布朗代表英国政府就“他受到的骇人听闻的对待”发表了正式的公开道歉。伊丽莎白二世在2013年给予图灵死后赦免。“阿兰 · 图灵法”现在是英国2017年一项法律的非正式术语，该法律追溯性地赦免了那些根据历史法律被警告或定罪的同性恋行为。图灵有着广泛的遗产，雕像和许多以他的名字命名的东西，包括一个年度计算机科学创新奖。他出现在当前英格兰银行发行的50英镑纸币上，这张纸币是在他生日那天发行的。2019年 BBC 的一个系列节目，经过观众投票，将他评为20世纪最伟大的人物。
【最终版】2009年，在一场网络运动之后，英国首相戈登·布朗代表英国政府就“他受到的恶劣对待”正式公开道歉。2013年，英国女王伊丽莎白二世赦免了图灵。“艾伦·图灵法”现在是英国2017年颁布的一项法律的非正式用语，该法律对在历史上禁止同性恋行为的法律中被警告或被定罪的人进行追溯性赦免。图灵留下了很多他的雕像和许多以他命名的东西，包括年度计算机科学创新奖。他出现在英格兰银行50英镑纸币上，这张纸币是为了配合他的生日而发行的。在2019年的BBC系列节目中，观众投票选出他为20世纪最伟大的人。
==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
=早年生活与教育=
==早年生活与教育==
===Family===
===Family===
=== 家庭 ===
Turing was born in [[Maida Vale]], London,<ref name="whoswho" /> while his father, Julius Mathison Turing (1873–1947), was on leave from his position with the [[Indian Civil Service]] (ICS) at [[Chatrapur]], then in the [[Madras Presidency]] and presently in [[Odisha]] state, in India.<ref name="Hodges1983P5">{{Harvnb|Hodges|1983|p=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turing.org.uk/turing/scrapbook/early.html |title=The Alan Turing Internet Scrapbook |publisher=[[Alan Turing: The Enigma]] |access-date=2 January 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BOrKl1DB?url=http://www.turing.org.uk/turing/scrapbook/early.html |archive-date=14 October 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Turing's father was the son of a clergyman, the Rev. John Robert Turing, from a Scottish family of merchants that had been based in the Netherlands and included a [[baronet]]. Turing's mother, Julius's wife, was Ethel Sara Turing ({{nee|Stoney}}; 1881–1976),<ref name="whoswho" /> daughter of Edward Waller Stoney, chief engineer of the [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway|Madras Railways]]. The Stoneys were a [[Protestantism in Ireland|Protestant]] [[Anglo-Irish]] [[gentry]] family from both [[County Tipperary]] and [[County Longford]], while Ethel herself had spent much of her childhood in [[County Clare]].<ref>Phil Maguire, "An Irishman's Diary", p. 5. ''[[The Irish Times]]'', 23 June 2012.</ref>Phil Maguire, "An Irishman's Diary", p. 5. The Irish Times, 23 June 2012.
Turing was born in [[Maida Vale]], London,<ref name="whoswho" /> while his father, Julius Mathison Turing (1873–1947), was on leave from his position with the [[Indian Civil Service]] (ICS) at [[Chatrapur]], then in the [[Madras Presidency]] and presently in [[Odisha]] state, in India.<ref name="Hodges1983P5">{{Harvnb|Hodges|1983|p=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turing.org.uk/turing/scrapbook/early.html |title=The Alan Turing Internet Scrapbook |publisher=[[Alan Turing: The Enigma]] |access-date=2 January 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BOrKl1DB?url=http://www.turing.org.uk/turing/scrapbook/early.html |archive-date=14 October 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Turing's father was the son of a clergyman, the Rev. John Robert Turing, from a Scottish family of merchants that had been based in the Netherlands and included a [[baronet]]. Turing's mother, Julius's wife, was Ethel Sara Turing ({{nee|Stoney}}; 1881–1976),<ref name="whoswho" /> daughter of Edward Waller Stoney, chief engineer of the [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway|Madras Railways]]. The Stoneys were a [[Protestantism in Ireland|Protestant]] [[Anglo-Irish]] [[gentry]] family from both [[County Tipperary]] and [[County Longford]], while Ethel herself had spent much of her childhood in [[County Clare]].<ref>Phil Maguire, "An Irishman's Diary", p. 5. ''[[The Irish Times]]'', 23 June 2012.</ref>Phil Maguire, "An Irishman's Diary", p. 5. The Irish Times, 23 June 2012.
图灵出生于梅达韦尔，而他的父亲朱利叶斯 · 马西森 · 图灵(1873-1947)正在杰德拉布尔的印度公务员部门休假，然后在印度马德拉斯省服役，目前在 Odisha。图灵的父亲是牧师的儿子。约翰 · 罗伯特 · 图灵，来自一个苏格兰商人家庭，家庭的基地在荷兰，包括一个准男爵。图灵的母亲，朱利叶斯的妻子，埃塞尔 · 萨拉 · 图灵(Ethel Sara Turing; 1881-1976) ，是马德拉斯铁路公司总工程师爱德华 · 沃勒 · 斯托尼(Edward Waller Stoney)的女儿。斯通伊斯是一个来自蒂珀雷里郡和 County Longford 的盎格鲁-爱尔兰新教贵族家庭，而埃塞尔本人在克莱尔郡度过了她童年的大部分时光。菲尔 · 马奎尔，《一个爱尔兰人的日记》 ，第5页。爱尔兰时报，2012年6月23日。
【最终版】图灵出生在伦敦的Maida Vale，当时他的父亲朱利叶斯·马西森·图灵(Julius Mathison Turing, 1873 - 1947)正在离开他的职位，到印度的查塔布尔进行公务员(ICS)休假，然后在马德拉斯做总裁，马德拉斯目前在印度奥里萨邦。图灵的父亲是牧师约翰·罗伯特·图灵(John Robert Turing)的儿子，他来自一个苏格兰商人家族，家族总部设在荷兰，其中包括一位准男爵。图灵的母亲，朱利叶斯的妻子，是埃塞尔·萨拉·图灵(模板:Nee;1881 - 1976)，马德拉斯铁路总工程师爱德华·沃勒·斯托尼的女儿。斯通夫妇是来自蒂珀雷里郡和朗福德郡的一个信奉新教的盎格鲁-爱尔兰贵族家庭，而埃塞尔本人则在克莱尔郡度过了她大部分的童年时光。
Julius's work with the ICS brought the family to British India, where his grandfather had been a general in the [[Bengal Army]]. However, both Julius and Ethel wanted their children to be brought up in Britain, so they moved to [[Maida Vale]],<ref name="englishheritaget">{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.001002006005/chooseLetter/T |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903150218/http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.001002006005/chooseLetter/T |archive-date=3 September 2009 |title=London Blue Plaques |access-date=10 February 2007 |work=English Heritage |url-status=live }}</ref> London, where Alan Turing was born on 23 June 1912, as recorded by a [[blue plaque]] on the outside of the house of his birth,<ref>[http://blogs.nature.com/london/2011/03/16/the-scientific-tourist-in-london-17-alan-turings-birth-place The Scientific Tourist In London: #17 Alan Turing's Birth Place] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054045/http://blogs.nature.com/london/2011/03/16/the-scientific-tourist-in-london-17-alan-turings-birth-place |date=21 September 2013 }}, ''Nature''. London Blog</ref><ref>{{openplaque|381}}</ref> The Scientific Tourist In London: #17 Alan Turing's Birth Place , Nature. London Blog later the Colonnade Hotel. Turing had an elder brother, John (the father of Sir John Dermot Turing, 12th Baronet of the Turing baronets).Sir John Dermot Turing on the Bletchley Park website.
Julius's work with the ICS brought the family to British India, where his grandfather had been a general in the [[Bengal Army]]. However, both Julius and Ethel wanted their children to be brought up in Britain, so they moved to [[Maida Vale]],<ref name="englishheritaget">{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.001002006005/chooseLetter/T |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903150218/http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.001002006005/chooseLetter/T |archive-date=3 September 2009 |title=London Blue Plaques |access-date=10 February 2007 |work=English Heritage |url-status=live }}</ref> London, where Alan Turing was born on 23 June 1912, as recorded by a [[blue plaque]] on the outside of the house of his birth,<ref>[http://blogs.nature.com/london/2011/03/16/the-scientific-tourist-in-london-17-alan-turings-birth-place The Scientific Tourist In London: #17 Alan Turing's Birth Place] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054045/http://blogs.nature.com/london/2011/03/16/the-scientific-tourist-in-london-17-alan-turings-birth-place |date=21 September 2013 }}, ''Nature''. London Blog</ref><ref>{{openplaque|381}}</ref> The Scientific Tourist In London: #17 Alan Turing's Birth Place , Nature. London Blog later the Colonnade Hotel. Turing had an elder brother, John (the father of Sir John Dermot Turing, 12th Baronet of the Turing baronets).Sir John Dermot Turing on the Bletchley Park website.
朱利叶斯在 ICS 的工作将他的家庭带到了英属印度，他的祖父曾是孟加拉军队的一名将军。然而，朱利叶斯和埃塞尔都希望他们的孩子在英国长大，所以他们搬到了梅达韦尔，阿兰图灵于1912年6月23日在那里出生，正如他出生房子外面的蓝色牌匾所记录的那样，科学游客在伦敦: 17英镑阿兰图灵的出生地，自然。伦敦博客后来的 Colonnade Hotel。图灵有一个哥哥约翰(约翰 · 德莫特 · 图灵爵士的父亲，图灵从男爵12世)。约翰 · 德莫特 · 图灵爵士在 Bletchley Park 网站上。
朱利叶斯在 ICS 的工作将他的家庭带到了英属印度，他的祖父曾是孟加拉军队的一名将军。然而，朱利叶斯和埃塞尔都希望他们的孩子在英国长大，所以他们搬到了梅达韦尔，阿兰图灵于1912年6月23日在那里出生，正如他出生房子外面的蓝色牌匾所记录的那样，科学游客在伦敦: 17英镑阿兰图灵的出生地，自然。伦敦博客后来的 Colonnade Hotel。图灵有一个哥哥约翰(约翰 · 德莫特 · 图灵爵士的父亲，图灵从男爵12世)。约翰 · 德莫特 · 图灵爵士在 Bletchley Park 网站上。
【最终版】朱利叶斯的工作将他的家庭带到了英属印度，他的祖父曾是孟加拉军队的一名将军。然而,朱利叶斯和埃塞尔想让他们的孩子在英国长大的,所以他们搬到了Maida淡水河谷,伦敦,阿兰·图灵出生于1912年6月23日,所记录的一个蓝色的斑块在他出生时的房子里。伦敦博客之后是柱廊酒店。图灵有一个哥哥约翰(约翰·德莫特·图灵爵士的父亲，图灵家族的第12位准男爵)。布莱切利公园网站上的约翰·德莫特·图灵爵士。
Turing's father's civil service commission was still active and during Turing's childhood years, his parents travelled between [[Hastings]] in the United Kingdom<ref>{{Harvnb|Hodges|1983|p=6}}</ref> and India, leaving their two sons to stay with a retired [[British Army|Army]] couple. At Hastings, Turing stayed at [[Baston Lodge]], Upper Maze Hill, [[St Leonards-on-Sea]], now marked with a blue plaque.<ref name="Hastings & St. Leonards Observer - 29 June 2012 - Plaque unveiled at Turing's home in St Leonards">{{cite news|url=http://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/plaque-unveiled-at-turing-s-home-in-st-leonards-1-4003535|title=Plaque unveiled at Turing's home in St Leonards|date=29 June 2012|work=[[Hastings & St. Leonards Observer]]|access-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912121655/http://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/plaque-unveiled-at-turing-s-home-in-st-leonards-1-4003535|archive-date=12 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> The plaque was unveiled on 23 June 2012, the centenary of Turing's birth.<ref name="BBC News - 25 June 2012 - St Leonards plaque marks Alan Turing's early years">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-sussex-18580826|title=St Leonards plaque marks Alan Turing's early years|date=25 June 2012|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203074933/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-sussex-18580826|archive-date=3 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
Turing's father's civil service commission was still active and during Turing's childhood years, his parents travelled between [[Hastings]] in the United Kingdom<ref>{{Harvnb|Hodges|1983|p=6}}</ref> and India, leaving their two sons to stay with a retired [[British Army|Army]] couple. At Hastings, Turing stayed at [[Baston Lodge]], Upper Maze Hill, [[St Leonards-on-Sea]], now marked with a blue plaque.<ref name="Hastings & St. Leonards Observer - 29 June 2012 - Plaque unveiled at Turing's home in St Leonards">{{cite news|url=http://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/plaque-unveiled-at-turing-s-home-in-st-leonards-1-4003535|title=Plaque unveiled at Turing's home in St Leonards|date=29 June 2012|work=[[Hastings & St. Leonards Observer]]|access-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912121655/http://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/plaque-unveiled-at-turing-s-home-in-st-leonards-1-4003535|archive-date=12 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> The plaque was unveiled on 23 June 2012, the centenary of Turing's birth.<ref name="BBC News - 25 June 2012 - St Leonards plaque marks Alan Turing's early years">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-sussex-18580826|title=St Leonards plaque marks Alan Turing's early years|date=25 June 2012|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203074933/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-sussex-18580826|archive-date=3 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
图灵父亲的公务员委员会仍然活跃，在图灵的童年时代，他的父母在英国和印度的黑斯廷斯之间旅行，留下他们的两个儿子和一对退休的军人夫妇住在一起。在黑斯廷斯，图灵住在 Baston Lodge，上梅兹山，圣莱昂纳德海上，现在有一块蓝色的牌匾。2012年6月23日，也就是图灵百年诞辰纪念日，这块匾揭开了面纱。
图灵父亲的公务员委员会仍然活跃，在图灵的童年时代，他的父母在英国和印度的黑斯廷斯之间旅行，留下他们的两个儿子和一对退休的军人夫妇住在一起。在黑斯廷斯，图灵住在 Baston Lodge，上梅兹山，圣莱昂纳德海上，现在有一块蓝色的牌匾。2012年6月23日，也就是图灵百年诞辰纪念日，这块匾揭开了面纱。
【最终版】图灵父亲的公务员委员会仍然很活跃，在图灵童年时期，他的父母经常往返于英国的黑斯廷斯和印度之间，留下两个儿子和一对退役的军人夫妇生活在一起。在黑斯廷斯，图灵住在海上圣伦纳德的巴斯顿小屋，现在这里有一块蓝色的牌匾。2012年6月23日，也就是图灵诞辰100周年之际，这个牌匾揭开了面纱。
Very early in life, Turing showed signs of the genius that he was later to display prominently.<ref name="toolbox">{{cite web |title=Alan Turing – Towards a Digital Mind: Part 1 |first=G. James |last=Jones |date=11 December 2001 |url=http://www.systemtoolbox.com/article.php?history_id=3 |access-date=27 July 2007 |work=System Toolbox |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070803163318/http://www.systemtoolbox.com/article.php?history_id=3 |archive-date=3 August 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His parents purchased a house in [[Guildford]] in 1927, and Turing lived there during school holidays. The location is also marked with a blue plaque.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guildford-dragon.com/2012/11/29/founder-of-computer-science-alan-turings-guildford-stargazing/ |title=Guildford Dragon NEWS |publisher=The Guildford Dragon |date=29 November 2012 |access-date=31 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019062927/http://www.guildford-dragon.com/2012/11/29/founder-of-computer-science-alan-turings-guildford-stargazing/ |archive-date=19 October 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Very early in life, Turing showed signs of the genius that he was later to display prominently.<ref name="toolbox">{{cite web |title=Alan Turing – Towards a Digital Mind: Part 1 |first=G. James |last=Jones |date=11 December 2001 |url=http://www.systemtoolbox.com/article.php?history_id=3 |access-date=27 July 2007 |work=System Toolbox |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070803163318/http://www.systemtoolbox.com/article.php?history_id=3 |archive-date=3 August 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His parents purchased a house in [[Guildford]] in 1927, and Turing lived there during school holidays. The location is also marked with a blue plaque.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guildford-dragon.com/2012/11/29/founder-of-computer-science-alan-turings-guildford-stargazing/ |title=Guildford Dragon NEWS |publisher=The Guildford Dragon |date=29 November 2012 |access-date=31 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019062927/http://www.guildford-dragon.com/2012/11/29/founder-of-computer-science-alan-turings-guildford-stargazing/ |archive-date=19 October 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
在他很小的时候，图灵就表现出了天才的迹象，后来他突出地展现了这一点。他的父母1927年在吉尔福德买了一所房子，图灵在学校放假期间住在那里。这个位置还有一块蓝色的牌匾。
在他很小的时候，图灵就表现出了天才的迹象，后来他突出地展现了这一点。他的父母1927年在吉尔福德买了一所房子，图灵在学校放假期间住在那里。这个位置还有一块蓝色的牌匾。
===School 学校 ===
【最终版】在很小的时候，图灵就表现出了天才的迹象，他后来也表现得非常出色。1927年，图灵的父母在吉尔福德买了一套房子，他在学校放假的时候就住在那里。这个地点也用一块蓝色的牌子做了标记。
===School ===
===学校 ===
Turing's parents enrolled him at St Michael's, a primary school at 20 Charles Road, [[St Leonards-on-Sea]], from the age of six to nine. The headmistress recognised his talent, noting that she has "...had clever boys and hardworking boys, but Alan is a genius."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cawthorne|first=Nigel|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/890938716|title=Alan Turing : the enigma man|date=2014|isbn=978-1-78404-535-7|location=London|pages=18|oclc=890938716}}</ref>
Turing's parents enrolled him at St Michael's, a primary school at 20 Charles Road, [[St Leonards-on-Sea]], from the age of six to nine. The headmistress recognised his talent, noting that she has "...had clever boys and hardworking boys, but Alan is a genius."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cawthorne|first=Nigel|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/890938716|title=Alan Turing : the enigma man|date=2014|isbn=978-1-78404-535-7|location=London|pages=18|oclc=890938716}}</ref>
图灵的父母把他送进了圣迈克尔学校，这是一所位于海上圣莱昂纳德查尔斯路20号的小学，从6岁到9岁不等。女校长认出了他的才能，并说她“ ... 有聪明的男孩和勤奋的男孩，但艾伦是一个天才。”
图灵的父母把他送进了圣迈克尔学校，这是一所位于海上圣莱昂纳德查尔斯路20号的小学，从6岁到9岁不等。女校长认出了他的才能，并说她“ ... 有聪明的男孩和勤奋的男孩，但艾伦是一个天才。”
【最终版】图灵的父母在他6岁到9岁的时候，把他送到了圣迈克尔小学，那是一所位于圣伦纳德海滨的查尔斯路20号的小学。女校长承认了他的才华，指出她“……有的孩子既聪明又勤奋，但艾伦是个天才。”
Between January 1922 and 1926, Turing was educated at Hazelhurst Preparatory School, an independent school in the village of [[Frant]] in Sussex (now [[East Sussex]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oldshirburnian.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TURING-Alan-Mathison.pdf|title=Alan Turing Archive – Sherborne School (ARCHON CODE: GB1949)|author=Alan Mathison|work=Sherborne School, Dorset|date=April 2016|access-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226093015/http://oldshirburnian.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TURING-Alan-Mathison.pdf|archive-date=26 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1926, at the age of 13, he went on to [[Sherborne School]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 September 2016|title=Alan Turing OBE, PhD, FRS (1912–1954)|url=https://oldshirburnian.org.uk/alan-turing/|access-date=10 October 2020|website=The Old Shirburnian Society|language=en-GB}}</ref> a boarding independent school in the market town of [[Sherborne]] in Dorset, where he boarded at Westcott House. The first day of term coincided with the [[1926 United Kingdom general strike|1926 General Strike]], in Britain, but Turing was so determined to attend, that he rode his bicycle unaccompanied {{convert|60|mi|km}} from [[Southampton]] to Sherborne, stopping overnight at an inn.<ref name="metamagical">{{Cite book|title=Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=o8jzWF7rD6oC&pg=PA484 484]|first=Douglas R. |last=Hofstadter |year=1985 |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=978-0-465-04566-2 |oclc=230812136}}</ref>
Between January 1922 and 1926, Turing was educated at Hazelhurst Preparatory School, an independent school in the village of [[Frant]] in Sussex (now [[East Sussex]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oldshirburnian.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TURING-Alan-Mathison.pdf|title=Alan Turing Archive – Sherborne School (ARCHON CODE: GB1949)|author=Alan Mathison|work=Sherborne School, Dorset|date=April 2016|access-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226093015/http://oldshirburnian.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TURING-Alan-Mathison.pdf|archive-date=26 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1926, at the age of 13, he went on to [[Sherborne School]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 September 2016|title=Alan Turing OBE, PhD, FRS (1912–1954)|url=https://oldshirburnian.org.uk/alan-turing/|access-date=10 October 2020|website=The Old Shirburnian Society|language=en-GB}}</ref> a boarding independent school in the market town of [[Sherborne]] in Dorset, where he boarded at Westcott House. The first day of term coincided with the [[1926 United Kingdom general strike|1926 General Strike]], in Britain, but Turing was so determined to attend, that he rode his bicycle unaccompanied {{convert|60|mi|km}} from [[Southampton]] to Sherborne, stopping overnight at an inn.<ref name="metamagical">{{Cite book|title=Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=o8jzWF7rD6oC&pg=PA484 484]|first=Douglas R. |last=Hofstadter |year=1985 |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=978-0-465-04566-2 |oclc=230812136}}</ref>