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指定炸弹是图灵在战争期间取得的五大密码分析进展中的第一个。其他的是: 推导德国海军使用的指示程序; 开发一个统计程序称为 Banburismus，以便更有效地利用炸弹; 开发一个程序称为 Turingery，用于计算出 Lorenz SZ 40/42(Tunny)密码机车轮的凸轮设置; 战争快结束时，在 Hanslope Park 开发了一个代号为 Delilah 的便携式安全语音扰码器。
指定炸弹是图灵在战争期间取得的五大密码分析进展中的第一个。其他的是: 推导德国海军使用的指示程序; 开发一个统计程序称为 Banburismus，以便更有效地利用炸弹; 开发一个程序称为 Turingery，用于计算出 Lorenz SZ 40/42(Tunny)密码机车轮的凸轮设置; 战争快结束时，在 Hanslope Park 开发了一个代号为 Delilah 的便携式安全语音扰码器。
【最终版】指明炸弹是图灵在战争中取得的五个主要密码分析进展中的第一个。其他有:推导德国海军使用的指示程序;开发了一种名为Banburismus的统计程序，以便更有效地使用炸弹;开发了一种名为图灵格里(Turingery)的程序，用于计算洛伦兹SZ 40/42 (Tunny)密码机车轮的凸轮设置，在战争快结束时，还在汉斯洛普公园开发了一种代号为黛丽拉的便携式安全语音扰频器。
By using statistical techniques to optimise the trial of different possibilities in the code breaking process, Turing made an innovative contribution to the subject. He wrote two papers discussing mathematical approaches, titled ''The Applications of Probability to Cryptography''<ref>{{cite web | last = Turing | first = Alan | year = c. 1941 | title = The Applications of Probability to Cryptography | id = The National Archives (United Kingdom): HW 25/37 | url = http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510465 | access-date = 25 March 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150407234050/http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510465 | archive-date = 7 April 2015 | url-status = live }}</ref> and ''Paper on Statistics of Repetitions'',<ref>{{cite web | last = Turing | first = Alan | year = c. 1941 | title = Paper on Statistics of Repetitions | id = The National Archives (United Kingdom): HW 25/38 | url = http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510466 | access-date = 25 March 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150408013845/http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510466 | archive-date = 8 April 2015 | url-status = live }}</ref> which were of such value to GC&CS and its successor [[Government Communications Headquarters|GCHQ]] that they were not released to the [[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|UK National Archives]] until April 2012, shortly before the centenary of his birth. A GCHQ mathematician, "who identified himself only as Richard," said at the time that the fact that the contents had been restricted under the Official Secrets Act for some 70 years demonstrated their importance, and their relevance to post-war cryptanalysis:<ref name="bbcrichard">{{cite news |last=Vallance |first=Chris |title=Alan Turing papers on code breaking released by GCHQ |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-17771962 |access-date=20 April 2012 |work=BBC News |date=19 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004192554/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-17771962 |archive-date=4 October 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{blockquote|text=[He] said the fact that the contents had been restricted "shows what a tremendous importance it has in the foundations of our subject". ... The papers detailed using "mathematical analysis to try and determine which are the more likely settings so that they can be tried as quickly as possible." ... Richard said that GCHQ had now "squeezed the juice" out of the two papers and was "happy for them to be released into the public domain".}}通过使用统计技术来优化破译过程中不同可能性的试验，图灵对这个课题做出了创新性的贡献。他写了两篇讨论数学方法的论文，题目是《概率在密码学中的应用》和《重复次数的统计学论文》 ，这两篇论文对 gc & cs 和它的继任者 GCHQ 如此重要，以至于直到2012年4月，也就是他诞辰100周年之前不久，才向英国国家档案馆发表。一位“自称理查德”的英国国家通信总局(GCHQ)数学家当时表示，《官方机密法案》(Official Secrets Act)约70年来一直对其内容加以限制，这一事实证明了它们的重要性，以及它们与战后密码分析的关联性:
By using statistical techniques to optimise the trial of different possibilities in the code breaking process, Turing made an innovative contribution to the subject. He wrote two papers discussing mathematical approaches, titled ''The Applications of Probability to Cryptography''<ref>{{cite web | last = Turing | first = Alan | year = c. 1941 | title = The Applications of Probability to Cryptography | id = The National Archives (United Kingdom): HW 25/37 | url = http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510465 | access-date = 25 March 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150407234050/http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510465 | archive-date = 7 April 2015 | url-status = live }}</ref> and ''Paper on Statistics of Repetitions'',<ref>{{cite web | last = Turing | first = Alan | year = c. 1941 | title = Paper on Statistics of Repetitions | id = The National Archives (United Kingdom): HW 25/38 | url = http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510466 | access-date = 25 March 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150408013845/http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11510466 | archive-date = 8 April 2015 | url-status = live }}</ref> which were of such value to GC&CS and its successor [[Government Communications Headquarters|GCHQ]] that they were not released to the [[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|UK National Archives]] until April 2012, shortly before the centenary of his birth. A GCHQ mathematician, "who identified himself only as Richard," said at the time that the fact that the contents had been restricted under the Official Secrets Act for some 70 years demonstrated their importance, and their relevance to post-war cryptanalysis:<ref name="bbcrichard">{{cite news |last=Vallance |first=Chris |title=Alan Turing papers on code breaking released by GCHQ |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-17771962 |access-date=20 April 2012 |work=BBC News |date=19 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004192554/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-17771962 |archive-date=4 October 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{blockquote|text=[He] said the fact that the contents had been restricted "shows what a tremendous importance it has in the foundations of our subject". ... The papers detailed using "mathematical analysis to try and determine which are the more likely settings so that they can be tried as quickly as possible." ... Richard said that GCHQ had now "squeezed the juice" out of the two papers and was "happy for them to be released into the public domain".}}通过使用统计技术来优化破译过程中不同可能性的试验，图灵对这个课题做出了创新性的贡献。他写了两篇讨论数学方法的论文，题目是《概率在密码学中的应用》和《重复次数的统计学论文》 ，这两篇论文对 gc & cs 和它的继任者 GCHQ 如此重要，以至于直到2012年4月，也就是他诞辰100周年之前不久，才向英国国家档案馆发表。一位“自称理查德”的英国国家通信总局(GCHQ)数学家当时表示，《官方机密法案》(Official Secrets Act)约70年来一直对其内容加以限制，这一事实证明了它们的重要性，以及它们与战后密码分析的关联性:
【最终版】通过使用统计技术来优化代码破译过程中不同可能性的试验，图灵对这一课题做出了创新的贡献。他写了两篇论文讨论的数学方法,名为概率的应用密码学和纸重复统计,这是这样的价值GC&CS及其继任者GCHQ,他们没有公布给英国国家档案馆,直到2012年4月,他出生的纪念日不久前。一位GCHQ的数学家“自称为理查德(Richard)”，当时他说，这些内容受《官方保密法》(Official Secrets Act)限制了大约70年，这一事实证明了它们的重要性，以及它们与战后密码分析的相关性:
[他]说，内容被限制的事实“表明它对我们学科的基础有多么重要”. ...这些论文详细地使用了“数学分析来尝试和确定哪些是更可能的设置，以便能尽快尝试。”．.． 理查德表示，GCHQ现在已经“榨干了这两份论文的汁水”，并“很高兴它们被发布到公共领域”。
Turing had a reputation for eccentricity at Bletchley Park. He was known to his colleagues as "Prof" and his treatise on Enigma was known as the "Prof's Book".<ref>{{Harvnb|Hodges|1983|p=208}}</ref> According to historian [[Ronald Lewin]], [[I.J. Good|Jack Good]], a cryptanalyst who worked with Turing, said of his colleague:
Turing had a reputation for eccentricity at Bletchley Park. He was known to his colleagues as "Prof" and his treatise on Enigma was known as the "Prof's Book".<ref>{{Harvnb|Hodges|1983|p=208}}</ref> According to historian [[Ronald Lewin]], [[I.J. Good|Jack Good]], a cryptanalyst who worked with Turing, said of his colleague:
图灵在 Bletchley Park 以古怪著称。他的同事们称他为“教授”，他关于英格玛的专著也被称为“教授之书”。根据历史学家罗纳德 · 列文的说法，与图灵共事的密码分析师杰克 · 古德这样评价他的同事:{{blockquote|In the first week of June each year he would get a bad attack of hay fever, and he would cycle to the office wearing a service gas mask to keep the pollen off. His bicycle had a fault: the chain would come off at regular intervals. Instead of having it mended he would count the number of times the pedals went round and would get off the bicycle in time to adjust the chain by hand. Another of his eccentricities is that he chained his mug to the radiator pipes to prevent it being stolen.<ref>{{Harvnb|Lewin|1978|p=57}}</ref>}}[[Peter Hilton]] recounted his experience working with Turing in [[Hut 8]] in his "Reminiscences of Bletchley Park" from ''A Century of Mathematics in America:''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-history/hmath1-hilton22.pdf|title=A Century of Mathematics in America, Part 1, Reminiscences of Bletchley Park|last=Hilton|first=Peter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829112241/http://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-history/hmath1-hilton22.pdf|archive-date=29 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
图灵在 Bletchley Park 以古怪著称。他的同事们称他为“教授”，他关于英格玛的专著也被称为“教授之书”。根据历史学家罗纳德 · 列文的说法，与图灵共事的密码分析师杰克 · 古德这样评价他的同事:
【最终版】图灵在布莱切利公园是出了名的古怪。他被同事们称为"教授"他关于谜机的论文被称为"教授之书"根据历史学家罗纳德·卢因的说法，曾与图灵共事的密码分析师杰克·古德这样评价图灵:{{blockquote|In the first week of June each year he would get a bad attack of hay fever, and he would cycle to the office wearing a service gas mask to keep the pollen off. His bicycle had a fault: the chain would come off at regular intervals. Instead of having it mended he would count the number of times the pedals went round and would get off the bicycle in time to adjust the chain by hand. Another of his eccentricities is that he chained his mug to the radiator pipes to prevent it being stolen.<ref>{{Harvnb|Lewin|1978|p=57}}</ref>}}[[Peter Hilton]] recounted his experience working with Turing in [[Hut 8]] in his "Reminiscences of Bletchley Park" from ''A Century of Mathematics in America:''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-history/hmath1-hilton22.pdf|title=A Century of Mathematics in America, Part 1, Reminiscences of Bletchley Park|last=Hilton|first=Peter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829112241/http://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-history/hmath1-hilton22.pdf|archive-date=29 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
彼得 · 希尔顿在他的《 Bletchley Park 回忆录》中描述了他与图灵在 Hut 8共事的经历，该书选自《美国数学百年:{{blockquote| It is a rare experience to meet an authentic genius. Those of us privileged to inhabit the world of scholarship are familiar with the intellectual stimulation furnished by talented colleagues. We can admire the ideas they share with us and are usually able to understand their source; we may even often believe that we ourselves could have created such concepts and originated such thoughts. However, the experience of sharing the intellectual life of a genius is entirely different; one realizes that one is in the presence of an intelligence, a sensibility of such profundity and originality that one is filled with wonder and excitement.
彼得 · 希尔顿在他的《 Bletchley Park 回忆录》中描述了他与图灵在 Hut 8共事的经历，该书选自《美国数学百年:
【最终版】每年6月的第一个星期，他会患上严重的花粉热，他会戴着防毒面具骑车上班，以防止花粉进入。他的自行车有个毛病:链子每隔一段时间就会脱落。他不会去修理自行车，而是会数一下踏板转了多少圈，然后及时下车用手调整链条。他的另一个怪癖是把他的马克杯拴在暖气片的管子上，以防它被偷。
彼得·希尔顿在他的《布莱切利公园的回忆》中讲述了他和图灵在8号小屋工作的经历:{{blockquote| It is a rare experience to meet an authentic genius. Those of us privileged to inhabit the world of scholarship are familiar with the intellectual stimulation furnished by talented colleagues. We can admire the ideas they share with us and are usually able to understand their source; we may even often believe that we ourselves could have created such concepts and originated such thoughts. However, the experience of sharing the intellectual life of a genius is entirely different; one realizes that one is in the presence of an intelligence, a sensibility of such profundity and originality that one is filled with wonder and excitement.
Alan Turing was such a genius, and those, like myself, who had the astonishing and unexpected opportunity, created by the strange exigencies of the Second World War, to be able to count Turing as colleague and friend will never forget that experience, nor can we ever lose its immense benefit to us.|sign=|source=}}Hilton echoed similar thoughts in the Nova [[PBS]] documentary ''Decoding Nazi Secrets''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/2615decoding.html|title=NOVA {{!}} Transcripts {{!}} Decoding Nazi Secrets {{!}} PBS|last=Hilton|first=Peter|website=[[PBS]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829112240/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/2615decoding.html|archive-date=29 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
Alan Turing was such a genius, and those, like myself, who had the astonishing and unexpected opportunity, created by the strange exigencies of the Second World War, to be able to count Turing as colleague and friend will never forget that experience, nor can we ever lose its immense benefit to us.|sign=|source=}}Hilton echoed similar thoughts in the Nova [[PBS]] documentary ''Decoding Nazi Secrets''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/2615decoding.html|title=NOVA {{!}} Transcripts {{!}} Decoding Nazi Secrets {{!}} PBS|last=Hilton|first=Peter|website=[[PBS]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829112240/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/2615decoding.html|archive-date=29 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
希尔顿在诺瓦美国公共广播公司的纪录片《解码纳粹秘密》中也表达了类似的想法。
希尔顿在诺瓦美国公共广播公司的纪录片《解码纳粹秘密》中也表达了类似的想法。
【最终版】见到真正的天才是一种难得的经历。我们这些有幸生活在学术界的人，对才华横溢的同事们所提供的智力刺激很熟悉。我们可以欣赏他们与我们分享的观点，通常能够理解它们的来源;我们甚至可能经常相信，我们自己可能创造了这样的概念，产生了这样的思想。然而，与天才分享知识生活的体验是完全不同的;一个人意识到自己正处于一种智慧的面前，一种如此深刻和独创性的情感，使人充满了惊奇和兴奋。阿兰·图灵是一个天才,那些像我这样,有惊人的和意想不到的机会,创造的奇怪的第二次世界大战的迫切心情,能够统计图灵的同事和朋友永远不会忘记这经验,我们也不能失去巨大的好处。
希尔顿在PBS纪录片《解密纳粹秘密》中表达了类似的想法。
While working at Bletchley, Turing, who was a talented [[Long-distance running|long-distance runner]], occasionally ran the {{convert|40|mi}} to London when he was needed for meetings,<ref>{{Cite book | last = Brown | first = Anthony Cave | author-link = Anthony Cave Brown | title = Bodyguard of Lies: The Extraordinary True Story Behind D-Day | publisher=The Lyons Press | year = 1975 | isbn = 978-1-59921-383-5 }}</ref> and he was capable of world-class marathon standards.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics|title=An Olympic honour for Alan Turing|author=Graham-Cumming, John|newspaper=The Guardian|date=10 March 2010|location=London|access-date=10 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201171628/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics|archive-date=1 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | first=Pat | last=Butcher | url=http://www.globerunner.org/index.php/09/in-praise-of-great-men/ | title=In Praise of Great Men | publisher=Globe Runner | date=14 September 2009 | access-date=23 June 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818145759/http://www.globerunner.org/index.php/09/in-praise-of-great-men/ | archive-date=18 August 2013 | url-status=live }}</ref> Turing tried out for the 1948 British Olympic team, but he was hampered by an injury. His tryout time for the marathon was only 11 minutes slower than British silver medallist Thomas Richards' Olympic race time of 2 hours 35 minutes. He was Walton Athletic Club's best runner, a fact discovered when he passed the group while running alone.<ref>{{cite web | last1 = Hodges | first1 = Andrew | author-link = Andrew Hodges | title = Alan Turing: a short biography | url = http://www.turing.org.uk/bio/part6.html | publisher = Alan Turing: The Enigma | access-date = 12 June 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130914091359/http://www.turing.org.uk/bio/part6.html | archive-date = 14 September 2013 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last1 = Graham-Cumming | first1 = John | author-link = John Graham-Cumming | title = Alan Turing: a short biography | url = https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics | newspaper = The Guardian | date = 10 March 2010 | access-date = 12 June 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141108165218/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics | archive-date = 8 November 2014 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last1 = Butcher | first1 = Pat | title = Turing as a runner | url = http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Extras/Turing_running.html | publisher = The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive | date = December 1999 | access-date = 12 June 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141113020916/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Extras/Turing_running.html | archive-date = 13 November 2014 | url-status = live }}</ref> When asked why he ran so hard in training he replied:
While working at Bletchley, Turing, who was a talented [[Long-distance running|long-distance runner]], occasionally ran the {{convert|40|mi}} to London when he was needed for meetings,<ref>{{Cite book | last = Brown | first = Anthony Cave | author-link = Anthony Cave Brown | title = Bodyguard of Lies: The Extraordinary True Story Behind D-Day | publisher=The Lyons Press | year = 1975 | isbn = 978-1-59921-383-5 }}</ref> and he was capable of world-class marathon standards.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics|title=An Olympic honour for Alan Turing|author=Graham-Cumming, John|newspaper=The Guardian|date=10 March 2010|location=London|access-date=10 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201171628/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics|archive-date=1 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | first=Pat | last=Butcher | url=http://www.globerunner.org/index.php/09/in-praise-of-great-men/ | title=In Praise of Great Men | publisher=Globe Runner | date=14 September 2009 | access-date=23 June 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818145759/http://www.globerunner.org/index.php/09/in-praise-of-great-men/ | archive-date=18 August 2013 | url-status=live }}</ref> Turing tried out for the 1948 British Olympic team, but he was hampered by an injury. His tryout time for the marathon was only 11 minutes slower than British silver medallist Thomas Richards' Olympic race time of 2 hours 35 minutes. He was Walton Athletic Club's best runner, a fact discovered when he passed the group while running alone.<ref>{{cite web | last1 = Hodges | first1 = Andrew | author-link = Andrew Hodges | title = Alan Turing: a short biography | url = http://www.turing.org.uk/bio/part6.html | publisher = Alan Turing: The Enigma | access-date = 12 June 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130914091359/http://www.turing.org.uk/bio/part6.html | archive-date = 14 September 2013 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last1 = Graham-Cumming | first1 = John | author-link = John Graham-Cumming | title = Alan Turing: a short biography | url = https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics | newspaper = The Guardian | date = 10 March 2010 | access-date = 12 June 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141108165218/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/mar/10/alan-turing-2012-olympics | archive-date = 8 November 2014 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last1 = Butcher | first1 = Pat | title = Turing as a runner | url = http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Extras/Turing_running.html | publisher = The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive | date = December 1999 | access-date = 12 June 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141113020916/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Extras/Turing_running.html | archive-date = 13 November 2014 | url-status = live }}</ref> When asked why he ran so hard in training he replied: