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第1,994行：
第1,994行： − 一个物理系统很容易发生内部的宏观变化，其速度之快足以使熵的恒定性假设失效。或者一个物理系统的粒子太少，以至于微粒的本质在可观测的波动中是显而易见的。那么热力学平衡的假设就会被放弃。对于非平衡态，熵没有绝对的一般定义。+ − − 第2,014行：
第2,012行： − + 第2,024行：
第2,022行： − 宏观观测波动的物理学超出了本文的范围。+
→Non-equilibrium states
It can easily happen that a physical system exhibits internal macroscopic changes that are fast enough to invalidate the assumption of the constancy of the entropy. Or that a physical system has so few particles that the particulate nature is manifest in observable fluctuations. Then the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium is to be abandoned. There is no unqualified general definition of entropy for non-equilibrium states.
It can easily happen that a physical system exhibits internal macroscopic changes that are fast enough to invalidate the assumption of the constancy of the entropy. Or that a physical system has so few particles that the particulate nature is manifest in observable fluctuations. Then the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium is to be abandoned. There is no unqualified general definition of entropy for non-equilibrium states.
物理系统很容易发生内部宏观变化，其速度之快足以使熵的恒定性假设失效。或物理系统中的粒子太少，以至于微粒的本质在可观测的波动中显而易见。那么热力学平衡的假设就会被放弃。对于非平衡态，熵没有绝对的通俗定义。
For non-equilibrium situations in general, it may be useful to consider statistical mechanical definitions of other quantities that may be conveniently called 'entropy', but they should not be confused or conflated with thermodynamic entropy properly defined for the second law. These other quantities indeed belong to statistical mechanics, not to thermodynamics, the primary realm of the second law.
For non-equilibrium situations in general, it may be useful to consider statistical mechanical definitions of other quantities that may be conveniently called 'entropy', but they should not be confused or conflated with thermodynamic entropy properly defined for the second law. These other quantities indeed belong to statistical mechanics, not to thermodynamics, the primary realm of the second law.
对于一般的非平衡状态，考虑其他量的统计力学定义可能是有用的，这些量可以方便地称为‘熵’ ，但是它们不应该与第二定律正确定义的熵混淆或混淆。这些其他的量确实属于统计力学，而不是热力学---- 第二定律的主要领域。
对于一般的非平衡状态，考虑其他量的统计力学定义可能是有用的，这些量可以方便地称为‘熵’ ，但是它们不应该与第二定律正确定义的熵混淆。这些其他量确实属于统计力学，而不属于第二定律的主要领域--热力学。
The physics of macroscopically observable fluctuations is beyond the scope of this article.
The physics of macroscopically observable fluctuations is beyond the scope of this article.
宏观上可观察到的波动的物理学超出了本文的范围。
==Arrow of time==
==Arrow of time==