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第9行： − − − '''Artificial life''' (often abbreviated '''ALife''' or '''A-Life''') is a field of study wherein researchers examine [[system]]s related to natural [[life]], its processes, and its evolution, through the use of [[simulation]]s with [[computer models]], [[robotics]], and [[biochemistry]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/artificial%20life|title=Dictionary.com definition|accessdate=2007-01-19}}</ref> The discipline was named by [[Christopher Langton]], an American theoretical biologist, in 1986.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-wt1aZrGXLYC&pg=PA37&cd=1#v=onepage The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences], The MIT Press, p.37. {{ISBN|}}</ref> In 1987 Langton organized the first conference on the field, in [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Game Industry's Dr. Frankenstein |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=35|publisher=[[Imagine Media]] |date=November 1997|page=10}}</ref> There are three main kinds of alife,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reed.edu/~mab/publications/papers/BedauTICS03.pdf|title=Artificial life: organization, adaptation and complexity from the bottom up|author=Mark A. Bedau |date=November 2003|accessdate=2007-01-19|publisher=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202185445/http://www.reed.edu/~mab/publications/papers/BedauTICS03.pdf|archive-date=2008-12-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> named for their approaches: ''soft'',<ref>{{cite book|title=Artificial Life Models in Software |author=Maciej Komosinski and [[Andrew Adamatzky]]|year=2009|publisher=Springer |location=New York|isbn=978-1-84882-284-9|url=https://www.springer.com/computer/mathematics/book/978-1-84882-284-9}}</ref> from [[software]]; ''hard'',<ref>{{cite book |title=Artificial Life Models in Hardware|author=[[Andrew Adamatzky]] and Maciej Komosinski|year=2009|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=978-1-84882-529-1 |url=https://www.springer.com/computer/hardware/book/978-1-84882-529-1}}</ref> from [[computer hardware|hardware]]; and ''[[wet artificial life|wet]]'', from biochemistry. Artificial life researchers study traditional [[biology]] by trying to recreate aspects of biological phenomena.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zooland.alife.org/|title=What is Artificial Life?|first=Christopher|last=Langton|accessdate=2007-01-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070117220840/http://zooland.alife.org/|archivedate=2007-01-17|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Aguilar, W., Santamaría-Bonfil, G., Froese, T., and Gershenson, C. (2014). The past, present, and future of artificial life. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 1(8). https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2014.00008</ref> − − Artificial life (often abbreviated ALife or A-Life) is a field of study wherein researchers examine systems related to natural life, its processes, and its evolution, through the use of simulations with computer models, robotics, and biochemistry. The discipline was named by Christopher Langton, an American theoretical biologist, in 1986. In 1987 Langton organized the first conference on the field, in Los Alamos, New Mexico. There are three main kinds of alife, named for their approaches: soft, from software; hard, from hardware; and wet, from biochemistry. Artificial life researchers study traditional biology by trying to recreate aspects of biological phenomena.
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{{Redirect-distinguish|ALife|Alife (disambiguation){{!}}Alife}}
{{Redirect-distinguish|ALife|Alife (disambiguation){{!}}Alife}}
人工生命（经常被缩写为ALife或者A-Life）是在电脑系统中，通过仿真模型、机器技术和生物化学方式，模拟自然生命系统来研究生命的过程及其演变的领域<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/artificial%20life|title=Dictionary.com definition|accessdate=2007-01-19}}</ref>。这个概念由美国理论生物学家[[克里斯托弗·朗顿 Christopher Langton]]于1986年提出。<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-wt1aZrGXLYC&pg=PA37&cd=1#v=onepage The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences], The MIT Press, p.37. {{ISBN|}}</ref> 1987年，兰顿第一次在新墨西哥州的洛斯阿拉莫斯 Los Alamos, New Mexico举行了该领域的第一次会议。<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Game Industry's Dr. Frankenstein |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=35|publisher=[[Imagine Media]] |date=November 1997|page=10}}</ref>
人工生命（经常被缩写为ALife或者A-Life）是在电脑系统中，通过仿真模型、机器技术和生物化学方式，模拟自然生命系统来研究生命的过程及其演变的领域<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/artificial%20life|title=Dictionary.com definition|accessdate=2007-01-19}}</ref>。这个概念由美国理论生物学家[[克里斯托弗·朗顿 Christopher Langton]]于1986年提出。<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-wt1aZrGXLYC&pg=PA37&cd=1#v=onepage The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences], The MIT Press, p.37. {{ISBN|}}</ref> 1987年，兰顿第一次在新墨西哥州的洛斯阿拉莫斯 Los Alamos, New Mexico举行了该领域的第一次会议。<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Game Industry's Dr. Frankenstein |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=35|publisher=[[Imagine Media]] |date=November 1997|page=10}}</ref>