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第114行： − 在几何学中，自复制式平铺（self-replicating tiling）是一种平铺方法，其中几个全等的图形可以连接在一起，形成一个较大的类似于原来的图形。这属于一个被称为密铺的研究领域。 称为“狮身人面像”的六块多形组 （hexiamond）是唯一已知的自我复制的五边形<ref>For an image that does not show how this replicates, see: Eric W. Weisstein. "Sphinx." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Sphinx.html http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Sphinx.html]</ref> 。例如，4个图中的凹五边形可以一起组成一个和原形状相似但是2倍大小的凹五边形。所罗门·格伦布 <ref>For further illustrations, see [http://www.geoaustralia.com/italian/Sphinx/Guide.html Teaching TILINGS / TESSELLATIONS with Geo Sphinx]</ref>为这样的自我复制纹样创造了 rep-tiles 这个术语。+
无编辑摘要
Self-replication is any behavior of a dynamical system that yields construction of an identical or similar copy of itself. Biological cells, given suitable environments, reproduce by cell division. During cell division, DNA is replicated and can be transmitted to offspring during reproduction. Biological viruses can replicate, but only by commandeering the reproductive machinery of cells through a process of infection. Harmful prion proteins can replicate by converting normal proteins into rogue forms. Computer viruses reproduce using the hardware and software already present on computers. Self-replication in robotics has been an area of research and a subject of interest in science fiction. Any self-replicating mechanism which does not make a perfect copy (mutation) will experience genetic variation and will create variants of itself. These variants will be subject to natural selection, since some will be better at surviving in their current environment than others and will out-breed them.
Self-replication is any behavior of a dynamical system that yields construction of an identical or similar copy of itself. Biological cells, given suitable environments, reproduce by cell division. During cell division, DNA is replicated and can be transmitted to offspring during reproduction. Biological viruses can replicate, but only by commandeering the reproductive machinery of cells through a process of infection. Harmful prion proteins can replicate by converting normal proteins into rogue forms. Computer viruses reproduce using the hardware and software already present on computers. Self-replication in robotics has been an area of research and a subject of interest in science fiction. Any self-replicating mechanism which does not make a perfect copy (mutation) will experience genetic variation and will create variants of itself. These variants will be subject to natural selection, since some will be better at surviving in their current environment than others and will out-breed them.
''' 自复制 Self-replication </font>'''是一个动力系统任何能产生与自身相同或相似的复制体的的行为。生物细胞，在适当的环境下，通过细胞分裂进行繁殖。在细胞分裂过程中，DNA 被复制，并在生殖过程中传递给后代。生物病毒可以复制，但只能通过感染过程控制细胞的生殖机制。有害的朊病毒蛋白可以通过将正常的蛋白质转化为反常形式来复制。<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8435320.stm |title='Lifeless' prion proteins are 'capable of evolution' |work=BBC News |date=2010-01-01 |accessdate=2013-10-22}}</ref>计算机病毒利用计算机上已有的硬件和软件进行复制。自我复制机器人学一直是一个研究领域，也是科幻小说中的一个兴趣主题。任何不能完美复制的自复制机制(变异)都会经历遗传变异，产生自身的变异体。这些变异体将受到自然选择的影响，因为有些变异会比其他变异更好地在当前环境中生存，并将超越他们。
'''<font color="#ff8000">自复制 Self-replication </font>'''是一个动力系统任何能产生与自身相同或相似的复制体的的行为。生物细胞，在适当的环境下，通过细胞分裂进行繁殖。在细胞分裂过程中，DNA 被复制，并在生殖过程中传递给后代。生物病毒可以复制，但只能通过感染过程控制细胞的生殖机制。有害的朊病毒蛋白可以通过将正常的蛋白质转化为反常形式来复制。<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8435320.stm |title='Lifeless' prion proteins are 'capable of evolution' |work=BBC News |date=2010-01-01 |accessdate=2013-10-22}}</ref>计算机病毒利用计算机上已有的硬件和软件进行复制。自我复制机器人学一直是一个研究领域，也是科幻小说中的一个兴趣主题。任何不能完美复制的自复制机制(变异)都会经历遗传变异，产生自身的变异体。这些变异体将受到自然选择的影响，因为有些变异会比其他变异更好地在当前环境中生存，并将超越他们。
*A mechanism for effecting construction within the host environment of the replicator
*A mechanism for effecting construction within the host environment of the replicator
*复制机（replicator）的的编码表示
*'''<font color="#ff8000">复制机（replicator）</font>'''的的编码表示
*一种能复制编码后的复制机表示的机制
*一种能复制编码后的复制机表示的机制
*一种能在复制机所在环境中启动构建过程的机制
*一种能在复制机所在环境中启动构建过程的机制
*Self-assembling systems assemble copies of themselves from finished, delivered parts. Simple examples of such systems have been demonstrated at the macro scale.
*Self-assembling systems assemble copies of themselves from finished, delivered parts. Simple examples of such systems have been demonstrated at the macro scale.
*天然复制机（Natural replicators）的设计全部或绝大部分不经人手，浑然天成（😂）。这样的系统包含自然的生命形式。
*'''<font color="#ff8000">天然复制机（Natural replicators）</font>'''的设计全部或绝大部分不经人手，浑然天成（😂）。这样的系统包含自然的生命形式。
*无机复制机（Autotrophic replicators）可以在自然环境下进行自我复制。它们自己会收集自身的物质。据推测，非生物的无机复制因子可以由人类设计而成，并且可以轻易按照人类人品的规格去设计。
*'''<font color="#ff8000">无机复制机（Autotrophic replicators）</font>'''可以在自然环境下进行自我复制。它们自己会收集自身的物质。据推测，非生物的无机复制因子可以由人类设计而成，并且可以轻易按照人类人品的规格去设计。
*自生产系统（Self-reproductive systems）存在于假想当中，可以利用工业原料，例如金属棒和金属丝，以产生自身的拷贝
*'''<font color="#ff8000">自生产系统（Self-reproductive systems）</font>'''存在于假想当中，可以利用工业原料，例如金属棒和金属丝，以产生自身的拷贝
*自组装系统（Self-assembling systems）自动将它们各种已完成的部分组装起来。这种系统的简单例子已经在宏观尺度得到展示。
*'''<font color="#ff8000">自组装系统（Self-assembling systems）</font>'''自动将它们各种已完成的部分组装起来。这种系统的简单例子已经在宏观尺度得到展示。
In geometry a self-replicating tiling is a tiling pattern in which several congruent tiles may be joined together to form a larger tile that is similar to the original. This is an aspect of the field of study known as tessellation. The "sphinx" hexiamond is the only known self-replicating pentagon. For example, four such concave pentagons can be joined together to make one with twice the dimensions. Solomon W. Golomb coined the term rep-tiles for self-replicating tilings.
In geometry a self-replicating tiling is a tiling pattern in which several congruent tiles may be joined together to form a larger tile that is similar to the original. This is an aspect of the field of study known as tessellation. The "sphinx" hexiamond is the only known self-replicating pentagon. For example, four such concave pentagons can be joined together to make one with twice the dimensions. Solomon W. Golomb coined the term rep-tiles for self-replicating tilings.
在几何学中，'''<font color="#ff8000">自复制式平铺（self-replicating tiling）</font>'''是一种平铺方法，其中几个全等的图形可以连接在一起，形成一个较大的类似于原来的图形。这属于一个被称为密铺的研究领域。 称为“狮身人面像”的六块多形组 （hexiamond）是唯一已知的自我复制的五边形<ref>For an image that does not show how this replicates, see: Eric W. Weisstein. "Sphinx." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Sphinx.html http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Sphinx.html]</ref> 。例如，4个图中的凹五边形可以一起组成一个和原形状相似但是2倍大小的凹五边形。所罗门·格伦布 <ref>For further illustrations, see [http://www.geoaustralia.com/italian/Sphinx/Guide.html Teaching TILINGS / TESSELLATIONS with Geo Sphinx]</ref>为这样的自我复制纹样创造了 rep-tiles 这个术语。
--[[用户:粲兰|袁一博]]（[[用户讨论:粲兰|讨论]]）“‘狮身人面像’双锥六面体是已知唯一能自复制的五角形。”这句对应原句"The 'sphinx' hexiamond is the only known self-replicating pentagon."疑似存在几何上的逻辑错误，hexiamond并不是一个平面几何图形。
--[[用户:粲兰|袁一博]]（[[用户讨论:粲兰|讨论]]）“‘狮身人面像’双锥六面体是已知唯一能自复制的五角形。”这句对应原句"The 'sphinx' hexiamond is the only known self-replicating pentagon."疑似存在几何上的逻辑错误，hexiamond并不是一个平面几何图形。