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     warm little pond, with all sorts of ammonia and phosphoric salts, light, heat, electricity, &c., present, that a proteine compound was chemically formed ready to undergo still more complex changes.

     ''warm little pond, with all sorts of ammonia and phosphoric salts, light, heat, electricity, &c., present, that a proteine compound was chemically formed ready to undergo still more complex changes.''

   温暖的小池塘，加上各种氨和磷盐，光、热、电等的存在，一种蛋白质化合物已经在化学上形成，准备进行更复杂的变化。

   ''温暖的小池塘，加上各种氨和磷盐，光、热、电等的存在，一种蛋白质化合物已经在化学上形成，准备进行更复杂的变化。''

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at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed.

''at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed.''

在今天，这种物质会被立即吞噬或吸收，而在生物形成之前是不会有这种情况的。<ref>Darwin, Charles (1887). Darwin, Francis (ed.). The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Including an Autobiographical Chapter. 3 (3rd ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 834491774.</ref>

''在今天，这种物质会被立即吞噬或吸收，而在生物形成之前是不会有这种情况的。<ref>Darwin, Charles (1887). Darwin, Francis (ed.). The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Including an Autobiographical Chapter. 3 (3rd ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 834491774.</ref>''

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It is often said that all the conditions for the first production of a living organism are now present, which could ever have been present. But if (and oh! what a big if!) we could conceive in some warm little pond, with all sorts of ammonia and phosphoric salts, light, heat, electricity, &c., present, that a proteine compound was chemically formed ready to undergo still more complex changes, at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed.

''It is often said that all the conditions for the first production of a living organism are now present, which could ever have been present. But if (and oh! what a big if!) we could conceive in some warm little pond, with all sorts of ammonia and phosphoric salts, light, heat, electricity, &c., present, that a proteine compound was chemically formed ready to undergo still more complex changes, at the present day such matter would be instantly devoured or absorbed, which would not have been the case before living creatures were formed.''

人们常说，现在已经具备了生物体第一次生产的所有条件，而这些条件本来是可能存在的。但是，如果（哦！多么大的如果啊！）我们可以设想在某个温暖的小池塘里，在各种氨和磷盐、光、热、电等条件存在的情况下，一种蛋白质化合物被化学形成，准备进行更复杂的变化，在现在，这种物质会立即被吞噬或吸收，这在生物形成之前是不会出现的。

''人们常说，现在已经具备了生物体第一次生产的所有条件，而这些条件本来是可能存在的。但是，如果（哦！多么大的如果啊！）我们可以设想在某个温暖的小池塘里，在各种氨和磷盐、光、热、电等条件存在的情况下，一种蛋白质化合物被化学形成，准备进行更复杂的变化，在现在，这种物质会立即被吞噬或吸收，这在生物形成之前是不会出现的。''

— Darwin, 1 February 1871

— Darwin, 1 February 1871

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life evolved in structured iron monosulphide precipitates in a seepage site hydrothermal mound at a redox, pH, and temperature gradient between sulphide-rich hydrothermal fluid and iron(II)-containing waters of the Hadean ocean floor. The naturally arising, three-dimensional compartmentation observed within fossilized seepage-site metal sulphide precipitates indicates that these inorganic compartments were the precursors of cell walls and membranes found in free-living prokaryotes. The known capability of FeS and NiS to catalyze the synthesis of the acetyl-methylsulphide from carbon monoxide and methylsulphide, constituents of hydrothermal fluid, indicates that pre-biotic syntheses occurred at the inner surfaces of these metal-sulphide-walled compartments,...

''life evolved in structured iron monosulphide precipitates in a seepage site hydrothermal mound at a redox, pH, and temperature gradient between sulphide-rich hydrothermal fluid and iron(II)-containing waters of the Hadean ocean floor. The naturally arising, three-dimensional compartmentation observed within fossilized seepage-site metal sulphide precipitates indicates that these inorganic compartments were the precursors of cell walls and membranes found in free-living prokaryotes. The known capability of FeS and NiS to catalyze the synthesis of the acetyl-methylsulphide from carbon monoxide and methylsulphide, constituents of hydrothermal fluid, indicates that pre-biotic syntheses occurred at the inner surfaces of these metal-sulphide-walled compartments,...''

生命是在一个渗流点热液丘中的结构化一硫化铁沉淀物中演化出来的，其氧化还原、pH值和温度梯度介于富含硫化物的热液和冥古代洋底的含铁(II)水之间。在渗流点金属硫化物沉淀物化石中观察到的自然生成的三维分隔表明，这些无机分隔是自由生活的原核生物中发现的细胞壁和膜的前体。已知FeS和NiS能够催化一氧化碳和甲基硫化物（热液的成分）合成乙酰-甲基硫化物，这表明前生物合成发生在这些金属硫化物壁隔室的内表面，...<ref name="Martin2003" />

''生命是在一个渗流点热液丘中的结构化一硫化铁沉淀物中演化出来的，其氧化还原、pH值和温度梯度介于富含硫化物的热液和冥古代洋底的含铁(II)水之间。在渗流点金属硫化物沉淀物化石中观察到的自然生成的三维分隔表明，这些无机分隔是自由生活的原核生物中发现的细胞壁和膜的前体。已知FeS和NiS能够催化一氧化碳和甲基硫化物（热液的成分）合成乙酰-甲基硫化物，这表明前生物合成发生在这些金属硫化物壁隔室的内表面，...<ref name="Martin2003" />''

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约翰·帕内尔 John Parnell认为，在任何早期潮湿的岩石行星的早期阶段，这种过程都可能提供部分 "生命的坩埚"，只要该行星足够大，产生了板块构造系统，将放射性矿物带到地表。由于早期地球被认为有许多较小的板块，它可能为这种过程提供了合适的环境。<ref>{{cite journal |last=Parnell |first=John |date=December 2004 |title=Mineral Radioactivity in Sands as a Mechanism for Fixation of Organic Carbon on the Early Earth |journal=Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=533–547 |bibcode=2004OLEB...34..533P |doi=10.1023/B:ORIG.0000043132.23966.a1 |pmid=15570707|citeseerx=10.1.1.456.8955 }}</ref>

约翰·帕内尔 John Parnell认为，在任何早期潮湿的岩石行星的早期阶段，这种过程都可能提供部分 "生命的坩埚"，只要该行星足够大，产生了板块构造系统，将放射性矿物带到地表。由于早期地球被认为有许多较小的板块，它可能为这种过程提供了合适的环境。<ref>{{cite journal |last=Parnell |first=John |date=December 2004 |title=Mineral Radioactivity in Sands as a Mechanism for Fixation of Organic Carbon on the Early Earth |journal=Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=533–547 |bibcode=2004OLEB...34..533P |doi=10.1023/B:ORIG.0000043132.23966.a1 |pmid=15570707|citeseerx=10.1.1.456.8955 }}</ref>

== 代谢起源:生理学==

== 代谢起源:生理学==