更改

{{short description|Chemical experiment that simulated conditions on the early Earth and tested the origin of life}}

{{short description|Chemical experiment that simulated conditions on the early Earth and tested the origin of life}}

[[File:MUexperiment.png|thumb|upright=1.5|实验]]

[[File:495px-MUexperiment.png|thumb|upright=1.5|实验]]

'''米勒尤里实验 Miller–Urey experiment'''<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hill HG, Nuth JA |title=The catalytic potential of cosmic dust: implications for prebiotic chemistry in the solar nebula and other protoplanetary systems |journal=Astrobiology |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=291–304 |year=2003 |pmid=14577878 |doi=10.1089/153110703769016389|bibcode = 2003AsBio...3..291H}}</ref> ((或称米勒实验 Miller experiment)<ref>{{cite journal | title=The analysis of comet mass spectrometric data |author1=Balm SP |author2=Hare J.P. |author3=Kroto HW | journal=Space Science Reviews| year=1991| volume=56|issue=1–2 | pages=185–9 |doi=10.1007/BF00178408 | bibcode=1991SSRv...56..185B|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9bce3627fcb31bac372e6610472e59008703ec4b }}</ref>是一个化学实验，模拟了当时（1952年）人们认为的地球早期环境并测验了在这些条件下生命的化学起源。当时的实验支持了亚历山大·奥帕林  Alexander  Oparin和J·B·S·霍尔丹 J·B·S·Haldane的假说，即假设存在于原始地球上的条件是有利于简单无机物合成为更复杂有机物这一类化学反应的发生的。该实验被认为是研究'''无生源说 abiogenesis'''的经典之作，1952年由斯坦利·米勒 Stanlely Miller主持，芝加哥大学的哈罗德·尤里 Harold  Urey监督，并于次年发表<ref name=miller1953>{{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Stanley L. |url=http://www.abenteuer-universum.de/pdf/miller_1953.pdf |title=Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth Conditions |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=1953 |volume=117 |pages=528–9 |doi=10.1126/science.117.3046.528 |pmid=13056598 |issue=3046 |bibcode=1953Sci...117..528M |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317062622/http://www.abenteuer-universum.de/pdf/miller_1953.pdf |archivedate=2012-03-17 |access-date=2011-01-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Stanley L. |author2=Harold C. Urey |title=Organic Compound Synthesis on the Primitive Earth |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=1959 |volume=130 |pages=245–51 |doi=10.1126/science.130.3370.245 |pmid=13668555 |issue=3370|bibcode = 1959Sci...130..245M}} Miller states that he made "A more complete analysis of the products" in the 1953 experiment, listing additional results.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=The 1953 Stanley L. Miller Experiment: Fifty Years of Prebiotic Organic Chemistry |author1=A. Lazcano |author2=J. L. Bada |journal=Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres |volume=33 |year=2004 |pages=235–242 |doi=10.1023/A:1024807125069 |pmid=14515862 |issue=3|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/beda7cb912470cec6e1bf2d13535edeedf6c5b16 |bibcode=2003OLEB...33..235L }}</ref>

'''米勒尤里实验 Miller–Urey experiment'''<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hill HG, Nuth JA |title=The catalytic potential of cosmic dust: implications for prebiotic chemistry in the solar nebula and other protoplanetary systems |journal=Astrobiology |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=291–304 |year=2003 |pmid=14577878 |doi=10.1089/153110703769016389|bibcode = 2003AsBio...3..291H}}</ref> ((或称米勒实验 Miller experiment)<ref>{{cite journal | title=The analysis of comet mass spectrometric data |author1=Balm SP |author2=Hare J.P. |author3=Kroto HW | journal=Space Science Reviews| year=1991| volume=56|issue=1–2 | pages=185–9 |doi=10.1007/BF00178408 | bibcode=1991SSRv...56..185B|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9bce3627fcb31bac372e6610472e59008703ec4b }}</ref>是一个化学实验，模拟了当时（1952年）人们认为的地球早期环境并测验了在这些条件下生命的化学起源。当时的实验支持了亚历山大·奥帕林  Alexander  Oparin和J·B·S·霍尔丹 J·B·S·Haldane的假说，即假设存在于原始地球上的条件是有利于简单无机物合成为更复杂有机物这一类化学反应的发生的。该实验被认为是研究'''无生源说 abiogenesis'''的经典之作，1952年由斯坦利·米勒 Stanlely Miller主持，芝加哥大学的哈罗德·尤里 Harold  Urey监督，并于次年发表<ref name=miller1953>{{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Stanley L. |url=http://www.abenteuer-universum.de/pdf/miller_1953.pdf |title=Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth Conditions |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=1953 |volume=117 |pages=528–9 |doi=10.1126/science.117.3046.528 |pmid=13056598 |issue=3046 |bibcode=1953Sci...117..528M |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317062622/http://www.abenteuer-universum.de/pdf/miller_1953.pdf |archivedate=2012-03-17 |access-date=2011-01-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Stanley L. |author2=Harold C. Urey |title=Organic Compound Synthesis on the Primitive Earth |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=1959 |volume=130 |pages=245–51 |doi=10.1126/science.130.3370.245 |pmid=13668555 |issue=3370|bibcode = 1959Sci...130..245M}} Miller states that he made "A more complete analysis of the products" in the 1953 experiment, listing additional results.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=The 1953 Stanley L. Miller Experiment: Fifty Years of Prebiotic Organic Chemistry |author1=A. Lazcano |author2=J. L. Bada |journal=Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres |volume=33 |year=2004 |pages=235–242 |doi=10.1023/A:1024807125069 |pmid=14515862 |issue=3|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/beda7cb912470cec6e1bf2d13535edeedf6c5b16 |bibcode=2003OLEB...33..235L }}</ref>

== Experiment实验 ==

== Experiment实验 ==

[[File:Miller-Urey experiment - Work by the C3BC consortium, licensed under CC-BY-3.0.webm|thumb|实验的描述性视频]]

[[File:220px--Miller-Urey_experiment_-_Work_by_the_C3BC_consortium,_licensed_under_CC-BY-3.0.webm.jpg|thumb|实验的描述性视频]]