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第156行：
第156行： − 高斯态是连续变量量子系统的一类典型态。尽管它们现在可以在诸如最先进的光学平台上创建和操作，这些平台对去相干具有天然的鲁棒性，但众所周知，它们对于诸如通用量子计算来说是不够的，因为保持状态的高斯性质的变换是线性的。正常情况下，线性动力学也不足以进行非平凡的储层计算。然而，通过考虑一个由相互作用的量子谐振子组成的网络，并通过周期性的振子子集的状态重置注入输入，可以将这种动力学应用于水库计算目的。选择一个合适的振荡器子集的状态如何取决于输入，其余振荡器的观测量可以成为非线性函数的输入适合于水库计算; 事实上，由于这些函数的性质，甚至通用水库计算成为可能，通过结合观测量和一个多项式读出函数。原则上，这种蓄电池计算机可以通过受控的多模光学参量过程实现，但是从系统中有效地提取输出是一个挑战，特别是在必须考虑测量反作用的量子体制中。+ 第165行：
第165行： − 在这种结构中，格点之间的随机耦合赋予了蓄电池处理器固有的“黑盒”属性。然后通过一个入射光场激发储存器，作为输入。读出以格点的职业数的形式出现，这是输入的自然非线性函数。+ 第172行：
第172行： − 分子固体中的核自旋在这种结构中，分子固体中相邻原子自旋之间的量子力学耦合提供了创造高维计算空间所需的非线性。然后，该蓄电池被调谐到相关核自旋共振频率的射频电磁辐射所激发。通过测量原子核的自旋态就可以读出数据。+ 第181行：
第181行： − 量子计算最流行的模型是基于门的模型，量子计算是通过量子计算机量子比特上的幺正量子门顺序应用来执行的。在基于栅极的量子计算机上实现蓄电池计算的理论，并在 IBM 超导带噪中级量子计算机(NISQ)上进行了原理论证。+
→= = 相互作用量子谐振子的高斯态 = =
Gaussian states are a paradigmatic class of states of continuous variable quantum systems. Although they can nowadays be created and manipulated in, e.g, state-of-the-art optical platforms, naturally robust to decoherence, it is well-known that they are not sufficient for, e.g., universal quantum computing because transformations that preserve the Gaussian nature of a state are linear. Normally, linear dynamics would not be sufficient for nontrivial reservoir computing either. It is nevertheless possible to harness such dynamics for reservoir computing purposes by considering a network of interacting quantum harmonic oscillators and injecting the input by periodical state resets of a subset of the oscillators. With a suitable choice of how the states of this subset of oscillators depends on the input, the observables of the rest of the oscillators can become nonlinear functions of the input suitable for reservoir computing; indeed, thanks to the properties of these functions, even universal reservoir computing becomes possible by combining the observables with a polynomial readout function. In principle, such reservoir computers could be implemented with controlled multimode optical parametric processes, however efficient extraction of the output from the system is challenging especially in the quantum regime where measurement back-action must be taken into account.
Gaussian states are a paradigmatic class of states of continuous variable quantum systems. Although they can nowadays be created and manipulated in, e.g, state-of-the-art optical platforms, naturally robust to decoherence, it is well-known that they are not sufficient for, e.g., universal quantum computing because transformations that preserve the Gaussian nature of a state are linear. Normally, linear dynamics would not be sufficient for nontrivial reservoir computing either. It is nevertheless possible to harness such dynamics for reservoir computing purposes by considering a network of interacting quantum harmonic oscillators and injecting the input by periodical state resets of a subset of the oscillators. With a suitable choice of how the states of this subset of oscillators depends on the input, the observables of the rest of the oscillators can become nonlinear functions of the input suitable for reservoir computing; indeed, thanks to the properties of these functions, even universal reservoir computing becomes possible by combining the observables with a polynomial readout function. In principle, such reservoir computers could be implemented with controlled multimode optical parametric processes, however efficient extraction of the output from the system is challenging especially in the quantum regime where measurement back-action must be taken into account.
高斯态是连续变量量子系统的一类典型态。尽管它们现在可以在最先进的光学平台上创建和操作，这些平台对去相干具有天然的鲁棒性，但众所周知，它们对于通用量子计算来说是不够的，因为保持状态的高斯性质的变换是线性的。正常情况下，线性动力学也不足以进行非平凡的储层计算。然而，通过考虑一个由相互作用的量子谐振子组成的网络，并通过周期性的振子子集的状态重置注入输入，可以将这种动力学应用于储备池计算目的。选择一个合适的振荡器子集的状态如何取决于输入，其余振荡器的观测量可以成为非线性函数的输入适合于储备池计算; 事实上，由于这些函数的性质，甚至通用储备池计算成为可能，通过结合观测量和一个多项式读出函数。原则上，这种储备池计算机可以通过受控的多模光学参量过程实现，但是从系统中有效地提取输出是一个挑战，特别是在必须考虑测量反作用的量子体制中。
==== 2-D quantum dot lattices ====
==== 2-D quantum dot lattices ====
2-D 量子点格子
2-D 量子点格子
在这种结构中，格点之间的随机耦合赋予了储备池处理器固有的“黑盒”属性。然后通过一个入射光场激发储存器，作为输入。读出以格点的职业数的形式出现，这是输入的自然非线性函数。
==== Nuclear spins in a molecular solid ====
==== Nuclear spins in a molecular solid ====
In this architecture, quantum mechanical coupling between spins of neighboring atoms within the molecular solid provides the non-linearity required to create the higher-dimensional computational space. The reservoir is then excited by radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation tuned to the resonance frequencies of relevant nuclear spins. Readout occurs by measuring the nuclear spin states.
In this architecture, quantum mechanical coupling between spins of neighboring atoms within the molecular solid provides the non-linearity required to create the higher-dimensional computational space. The reservoir is then excited by radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation tuned to the resonance frequencies of relevant nuclear spins. Readout occurs by measuring the nuclear spin states.
分子固体中的核自旋在这种结构中，分子固体中相邻原子自旋之间的量子力学耦合提供了创造高维计算空间所需的非线性。然后，该储备池被调谐到相关核自旋共振频率的射频电磁辐射所激发。通过测量原子核的自旋态就可以读出数据。
==== Reservoir computing on gate-based near-term superconducting quantum computers ====
==== Reservoir computing on gate-based near-term superconducting quantum computers ====
基于门的近期超导量子计算机上的储备池计算
基于门的近期超导量子计算机上的储备池计算
量子计算最流行的模型是基于门的模型，量子计算是通过量子计算机量子比特上的幺正量子门顺序应用来执行的。在基于栅极的量子计算机上实现储备池计算的理论，并在 IBM 超导带噪中级量子计算机(NISQ)上进行了原理论证。
== See also ==
== See also ==