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| | 为了将IIT形式主义应用于系统,必须知道系统的概率转移矩阵(TPM)。TPM规定了所有系统状态转换的几率。以下每个参量是根据系统的TPM,以自下而上的方式计算。 | | 为了将IIT形式主义应用于系统,必须知道系统的概率转移矩阵(TPM)。TPM规定了所有系统状态转换的几率。以下每个参量是根据系统的TPM,以自下而上的方式计算。 |
| − | A system is described by its [[transition probability matrix]] (TPM), denoted <math>T_U = p(\mathbf{u}' \mid \mathbf{u})</math>, over all its possible states. From this, IIT defines:<ref name=":1" />
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| − | ''Intrinsic information'' (ii) for a state s over a possible cause/effect state <math>\tilde{s}</math>: | + | 一个系统由其在所有可能状态上的 [[转移概率矩阵]](TPM)来描述,记为 <math>T_U = p(\mathbf{u}' \mid \mathbf{u})</math>。基于此,信息整合理论(IIT)定义如下:<ref name=":1" /> |
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| | + | 对于一个状态 <math>s</math> 相对于一个可能的因果状态 <math>\tilde{s}</math> 的内在信息(ii): |
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| | <math> \text{ii}(s, \tilde{s}) = p(\tilde{s} \mid s) \log_2 \left( \frac{p(\tilde{s} \mid s)}{p(\tilde{s})} \right) </math> | | <math> \text{ii}(s, \tilde{s}) = p(\tilde{s} \mid s) \log_2 \left( \frac{p(\tilde{s} \mid s)}{p(\tilde{s})} \right) </math> |
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| − | ''Integrated information'' (φ) as the irreducibility of that cause–effect structure across the minimum information partition (MIP):
| + | 整合信息(φ)是指在最小信息分割(MIP)上该因果结构的不可约性: |
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| | <math> \phi = \min_{\theta} \left[ \text{ii}(s, \tilde{s}) - \text{ii}_{\theta}(s, \tilde{s}) \right] </math> | | <math> \phi = \min_{\theta} \left[ \text{ii}(s, \tilde{s}) - \text{ii}_{\theta}(s, \tilde{s}) \right] </math> |
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| − | ''Complexes'' are defined as the systems (subsets of units) that locally maximize φ. Their internal distinctions and relations form the Φ-structure of the system:
| + | 复体被定义为局部使 φ 最大化的系统(单元子集)。它们的内部差异和关系构成了系统的 Φ - 结构: |
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| − | <math> \Phi = \sum_{\text{distinctions, relations}} \phi </math> | + | <math> \Phi = \sum_{\text {差异,关系}} \phi </math> |
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| − | <math>\Phi</math> corresponds to the ''quantity'' of consciousness, while the particular structure of distinctions and relations defines its ''quality''. | + | <math>\Phi</math> 对应于意识的数量,而差异和关系的特定结构定义了意识的质量。 |
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| | === Φ 的计算示例 === | | === Φ 的计算示例 === |