更改

===负自反馈调控(NAR)===

===负自反馈调控(NAR)===

[[Image:Autoregulation motif.png|thumb|Schematic representation of an auto-regulation motif]]

[[Image:Autoregulation motif.png|thumb|Schematic representation of an auto-regulation motif]]

负自反馈调控是[[大肠杆菌]]中最简单和最冗余的网络模体之一，其中一个转录因子抑制它自身的转录。这种网络模体有两个重要的功能，其中第一个是加速响应。人们发现在实验和理论上， <ref name="zab1">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.06.021 |author=Zabet NR |title=Negative feedback and physical limits of genes |journal=Journal of Theoretical Biology |volume= 284|issue=1 |pages=82–91 |date=September 2011 |pmid=21723295 |arxiv=1408.1869 |citeseerx=10.1.1.759.5418 }}</ref>NAR都可以加快对信号的响应。这个功能首先在一个人工合成的转录网络中被发现，<ref name="ros1">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00994-4 |vauthors=Rosenfeld N, Elowitz MB, Alon U |title=Negative autoregulation speeds the response times of transcription networks |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=323 |issue=5 |pages=785–93 |date=November 2002 |pmid=12417193 |citeseerx=10.1.1.126.2604 }}</ref> 然后在大肠杆菌SOS DAN修复系统这个自然体系中也被发现。<ref name="cam1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Camas FM, Blázquez J, Poyatos JF |title=Autogenous and nonautogenous control of response in a genetic network |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=103 |issue=34 |pages=12718–23 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16908855 |pmc=1568915 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0602119103 |bibcode=2006PNAS..10312718C }}</ref> 负自反馈网络的第二个功能是增强自调控基因的产物浓度的稳定性，从而抵抗随机的噪声，减少该蛋白含量在不同细胞中的差异。<ref name="bec1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Becskei A, Serrano L |title=Engineering stability in gene networks by autoregulation |journal=Nature |volume=405 |issue=6786 |pages=590–3 |date=June 2000 |pmid=10850721 |doi=10.1038/35014651}}</ref><ref name="dub1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dublanche Y, Michalodimitrakis K, Kümmerer N, Foglierini M, Serrano L |title=Noise in transcription negative feedback loops: simulation and experimental analysis |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=2 |pages=41 |year=2006 |pmid=16883354 |pmc=1681513 |doi=10.1038/msb4100081 |issue=1}}</ref><ref name="shi1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shimoga V, White J, Li Y, Sontag E, Bleris L |title= Synthetic mammalian transgene negative autoregulation |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=9 |pages=670 |year=2013|doi=10.1038/msb.2013.27|pmid= 23736683 |pmc= 3964311 }}</ref>

负自反馈调控是大肠杆菌中最简单和最冗余的网络模体之一，其中一个转录因子抑制它自身的转录。这种网络模体有两个重要的功能，其中第一个是加速响应。人们发现在实验和理论上， <ref name="zab1">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.06.021 |author=Zabet NR |title=Negative feedback and physical limits of genes |journal=Journal of Theoretical Biology |volume= 284|issue=1 |pages=82–91 |date=September 2011 |pmid=21723295 |arxiv=1408.1869 |citeseerx=10.1.1.759.5418 }}</ref>NAR都可以加快对信号的响应。这个功能首先在一个人工合成的转录网络中被发现，<ref name="ros1">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00994-4 |vauthors=Rosenfeld N, Elowitz MB, Alon U |title=Negative autoregulation speeds the response times of transcription networks |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=323 |issue=5 |pages=785–93 |date=November 2002 |pmid=12417193 |citeseerx=10.1.1.126.2604 }}</ref> 然后在大肠杆菌SOS DAN修复系统这个自然体系中也被发现。<ref name="cam1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Camas FM, Blázquez J, Poyatos JF |title=Autogenous and nonautogenous control of response in a genetic network |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=103 |issue=34 |pages=12718–23 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16908855 |pmc=1568915 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0602119103 |bibcode=2006PNAS..10312718C }}</ref> 负自反馈网络的第二个功能是增强自调控基因的产物浓度的稳定性，从而抵抗随机的噪声，减少该蛋白含量在不同细胞中的差异。<ref name="bec1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Becskei A, Serrano L |title=Engineering stability in gene networks by autoregulation |journal=Nature |volume=405 |issue=6786 |pages=590–3 |date=June 2000 |pmid=10850721 |doi=10.1038/35014651}}</ref><ref name="dub1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dublanche Y, Michalodimitrakis K, Kümmerer N, Foglierini M, Serrano L |title=Noise in transcription negative feedback loops: simulation and experimental analysis |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=2 |pages=41 |year=2006 |pmid=16883354 |pmc=1681513 |doi=10.1038/msb4100081 |issue=1}}</ref><ref name="shi1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shimoga V, White J, Li Y, Sontag E, Bleris L |title= Synthetic mammalian transgene negative autoregulation |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=9 |pages=670 |year=2013|doi=10.1038/msb.2013.27|pmid= 23736683 |pmc= 3964311 }}</ref>