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方法论还原论认为，最好的科学策略是试图将解释减少为最小的可能实体<ref name=":1" /> 。在生物学的背景下，这意味着从其潜在的生物化学和分子过程来解释所有生物现象<ref name=":6" />。有力的证明是，基因（经典遗传单位）实质上是一种大分子——脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）<ref name=":1" />。统计力学则可以被认为是宏观热力学定律与用微观组分解释宏观性质的还原方法的调和。

方法论还原论认为，最好的科学策略是试图将解释减少为最小的可能实体<ref name=":1" /> 。在生物学的背景下，这意味着从其潜在的生物化学和分子过程来解释所有生物现象<ref name=":6" />。有力的证明是，基因（经典遗传单位）实质上是一种大分子——脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）<ref name=":1" />。统计力学则可以被认为是宏观热力学定律与用微观组分解释宏观性质的还原方法的调和。

=== Theory reductionism ===

=== 理论还原论 ===

In mathematics, reductionism can be interpreted as the philosophy that all mathematics can (or ought to) be based on a common foundation, which for modern mathematics is usually axiomatic set theory. Ernst Zermelo was one of the major advocates of such an opinion; he also developed much of axiomatic set theory. It has been argued that the generally accepted method of justifying mathematical axioms by their usefulness in common practice can potentially weaken Zermelo's reductionist claim.

In mathematics, reductionism can be interpreted as the philosophy that all mathematics can (or ought to) be based on a common foundation, which for modern mathematics is usually axiomatic set theory. Ernst Zermelo was one of the major advocates of such an opinion; he also developed much of axiomatic set theory. It has been argued that the generally accepted method of justifying mathematical axioms by their usefulness in common practice can potentially weaken Zermelo's reductionist claim.