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Swarm robotics is an approach to the coordination of multiple robots as a system which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots. It is supposed that a desired collective behavior emerges from the interactions between the robots and interactions of robots with the environment. This approach emerged on the field of artificial swarm intelligence, as well as the biological studies of insects, ants and other fields in nature, where swarm behaviour occurs.

Swarm robotics is an approach to the coordination of multiple robots as a system which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots. It is supposed that a desired collective behavior emerges from the interactions between the robots and interactions of robots with the environment. This approach emerged on the field of artificial swarm intelligence, as well as the biological studies of insects, ants and other fields in nature, where swarm behaviour occurs.

'''<font color="#ff8000"> 集群机器人技术Swarm robotics</font>'''是通过某一种方法将多个机器人协调为一个系统，该系统由大量的多数简单物理机器人组成。该方法假定，在机器人之间的相互作用以及机器人与环境的相互作用中，会产生一种预期的集体行为。这种方法应用于人工群体智能领域，以及对昆虫，蚂蚁和其他自然界中发生群体行为的生物学研究领域中。

'''<font color="#ff8000"> 集群机器人技术Swarm robotics</font>'''是通过某一种方法将多个机器人协调为一个系统，该系统由大量多数简单的物理机器人组成。该方法假定，在机器人之间以及机器人与环境之间的相互作用中，会产生一种预期的集体行为。该方法经常出现在人工群体智能领域，同时对昆虫，蚂蚁和其他自然界中会发生群体行为的生物学研究领域也有所囊括。

The research of swarm robotics is to study the design of robots, their physical body and their controlling behaviours. It is inspired but not limited by the emergent behaviour observed in social insects, called swarm intelligence. Relatively simple individual rules can produce a large set of complex swarm behaviours. A key-component is the communication between the members of the group that build a system of constant feedback. The swarm behaviour involves constant change of individuals in cooperation with others, as well as the behaviour of the whole group.

The research of swarm robotics is to study the design of robots, their physical body and their controlling behaviours. It is inspired but not limited by the emergent behaviour observed in social insects, called swarm intelligence. Relatively simple individual rules can produce a large set of complex swarm behaviours. A key-component is the communication between the members of the group that build a system of constant feedback. The swarm behaviour involves constant change of individuals in cooperation with others, as well as the behaviour of the whole group.

Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots, and promotes scalability, for instance by using only local communication. That local communication for example can be achieved by wireless transmission systems, like radio frequency or infrared.

Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots, and promotes scalability, for instance by using only local communication. That local communication for example can be achieved by wireless transmission systems, like radio frequency or infrared.

Miniaturization and cost are key factors in swarm robotics.  These are the constraints in building large groups of robots; therefore the simplicity of the individual team member should be emphasized.  This should motivate a swarm-intelligent approach to achieve meaningful behavior at swarm-level, instead of the individual level. <br />Much research has been directed at this goal of simplicity at the individual robot level. Being able to use actual hardware in research of Swarm Robotics rather than simulations allows researchers to encounter and resolve many more issues and broaden the scope of Swarm Research.  Thus, development of simple robots for Swarm intelligence research is a very important aspect of the field.  The goals include keeping the cost of individual robots low to allow scalability, making each member of the swarm less demanding of resources and more power/energy efficient.

Miniaturization and cost are key factors in swarm robotics.  These are the constraints in building large groups of robots; therefore the simplicity of the individual team member should be emphasized.  This should motivate a swarm-intelligent approach to achieve meaningful behavior at swarm-level, instead of the individual level. <br />Much research has been directed at this goal of simplicity at the individual robot level. Being able to use actual hardware in research of Swarm Robotics rather than simulations allows researchers to encounter and resolve many more issues and broaden the scope of Swarm Research.  Thus, development of simple robots for Swarm intelligence research is a very important aspect of the field.  The goals include keeping the cost of individual robots low to allow scalability, making each member of the swarm less demanding of resources and more power/energy efficient.