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Domino effect events
Domino effect events
<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺效应</font>事件
[[Image:Domino effect.jpg|thumb|upright|(Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion.]]
[[Image:Domino effect.jpg|thumb|upright|(Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion.]]
(Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion.
(Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion.
(上图)多米诺骨牌竖立着。(下图)多米诺骨牌正在运动。
(上图)<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>竖立着。(下图)<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>正在运动。
A '''domino effect''' or '''[[chain reaction]]''' is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events.<ref>{{cite web|title=domino effect|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/domino+effect|website=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex, Inc.|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref> The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a [[Domino show|falling row]] of [[dominoes]]. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). The term ''domino effect'' is used both to imply that an event is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen), and conversely to imply that an event is impossible or highly unlikely (the one domino left standing).
A '''domino effect''' or '''[[chain reaction]]''' is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events.<ref>{{cite web|title=domino effect|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/domino+effect|website=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex, Inc.|accessdate=29 September 2014}}</ref> The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a [[Domino show|falling row]] of [[dominoes]]. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). The term ''domino effect'' is used both to imply that an event is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen), and conversely to imply that an event is impossible or highly unlikely (the one domino left standing).
A domino effect or chain reaction is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events. The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a falling row of dominoes. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). The term domino effect is used both to imply that an event is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen), and conversely to imply that an event is impossible or highly unlikely (the one domino left standing).
A domino effect or chain reaction is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events. The term is best known as a mechanical effect and is used as an analogy to a falling row of dominoes. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). The term domino effect is used both to imply that an event is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen), and conversely to imply that an event is impossible or highly unlikely (the one domino left standing).
<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺效应</font>或连锁反应是一个事件引发一连串类似事件时所产生的累积效应。这个术语最广为人知的就是力学效应，它可以类比于一排正在倒下的多米诺骨牌。它通常指连续事件之间的时间间隔相对较小的一系列事件。它可以字面上使用(观察到的一系列实际碰撞) ，也可以隐喻性地使用(例如全球金融或政治系统中的因果联系)。术语“<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺效应</font>”既用来暗示某一事件是不可避免或极有可能发生的(因为它已经开始发生了) ，也可用来反过来暗示某一事件是不可能发生的或极不可能发生的(第一个多米诺骨牌还站立着 )。
== Demonstration of the effect ==
== Demonstration of the effect ==
效应展示
The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of [[dominoes]] upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the [[potential energy]] of the dominoes due to them being in a [[metastable]] state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on.
The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of [[dominoes]] upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the [[potential energy]] of the dominoes due to them being in a [[metastable]] state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on.
The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of dominoes upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the potential energy of the dominoes due to them being in a metastable state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on.
The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of dominoes upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the potential energy of the dominoes due to them being in a metastable state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on.
将一排<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>竖立起来，每一排骨牌之间相隔一小段距离，就可以很容易地看到<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>效应。在推倒第一张<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>时，下一张<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>会被推倒，如此循环往复，这样就形成了一个线性链，每一张<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>的倒下都是由之前的多米诺骨牌触发的。不管链的长度如何，效果都是一样的。这种连锁反应所使用的能量是<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>处于亚稳态时的势能; 当第一个多米诺骨牌被推倒时，下落所转移的能量大于推倒下一个<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>所需要的能量，以此类推。
The domino effect is exploited in Rube Goldberg machines.
The domino effect is exploited in Rube Goldberg machines.
<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺效应</font>被鲁布·戈德堡机械所使用。
==Appearances in media==
==Appearances in media==
媒体中的表现
*''[[Domino Day]]'' – world record attempt for the highest number of toppling domino stones.
*''[[Domino Day]]'' – world record attempt for the highest number of toppling domino stones.
多米诺日--世界纪录推倒最多多米诺骨牌的尝试
多米诺日--世界纪录推倒最多<font color="#ff8000"> 多米诺骨牌</font>的尝试
==See also==
==See also==
参阅
*[[Ripple effect]]
*[[Ripple effect]]
连锁反应
连锁反应
==References==
==References==
参考
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
深度阅读
*''Impact Mechanics'', W. J. Stronge, Cambridge University Press, 2004, {{ISBN|0-521-60289-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-521-60289-1}}
*''Impact Mechanics'', W. J. Stronge, Cambridge University Press, 2004, {{ISBN|0-521-60289-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-521-60289-1}}