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'''Hierarchy theory''' is a means of studying [[ecological systems]] in which the relationship between all of the components is of great complexity. Hierarchy theory focuses on [[Level of organization|levels of organization]] and issues of [[Scale (analytical tool)|scale]], with a specific focus on the role of the observer in the definition of the system.<ref>{{cite web |last=Allen |first=Timothy F. H. |date=2001 |title=A summary of the principles of hierarchy theory |url=http://isss.org/hierarchy.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011218001638/http://isss.org/hierarchy.htm |archivedate=2001-12-18 |accessdate=2016-03-19}}</ref> Complexity in this context does not refer to an intrinsic property of the system but to the possibility of representing the systems in a plurality of non-equivalent ways depending on the pre-analytical choices of the observer. Instead of analyzing the whole structure, hierarchy theory refers to the analysis of hierarchical levels, and the interactions between them.

'''Hierarchy theory''' is a means of studying [[ecological systems]] in which the relationship between all of the components is of great complexity. Hierarchy theory focuses on [[Level of organization|levels of organization]] and issues of [[Scale (analytical tool)|scale]], with a specific focus on the role of the observer in the definition of the system.<ref>{{cite web |last=Allen |first=Timothy F. H. |date=2001 |title=A summary of the principles of hierarchy theory |url=http://isss.org/hierarchy.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011218001638/http://isss.org/hierarchy.htm |archivedate=2001-12-18 |accessdate=2016-03-19}}</ref> Complexity in this context does not refer to an intrinsic property of the system but to the possibility of representing the systems in a plurality of non-equivalent ways depending on the pre-analytical choices of the observer. Instead of analyzing the whole structure, hierarchy theory refers to the analysis of hierarchical levels, and the interactions between them.

层级理论是当各组成部分存在很强的复杂度关系时研究生态系统的一种方法。层级理论聚焦于层次结构与规模问题，具体针对于观察者在系统定义中的作用。在这种情况下，复杂度不是指代系统的一种固有属性，而是指根据观察者的预分析选择，以多元不等价的方式来描绘系统的可能性。层级理论指的是对层次结构与其间相互作用的分析，而不是去分析整个结构。

层级理论是当各组成部分存在很强的复杂度关系时研究生态系统的一种方法。层级理论聚焦于层次结构与规模问题，具体针对于观察者在系统定义中的作用。在这种情况下，复杂度不是指代系统的一种固有属性，而是指根据观察者的预分析选择，以多元不等价的方式来描绘系统的可能性。层级理论指的是对层次结构与其间相互作用的分析，而不是去分析整个结构。

 

 

==See also==

==See also==