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→Motivation 策略的假设与动机
The Nash equilibrium is the traditional solution concept in game theory. It depends on the cognitive abilities of the players. It is assumed that players are aware of the structure of the game and consciously try to predict the moves of their opponents and to maximize their own payoffs. In addition, it is presumed that all the players know this (see common knowledge). These assumptions are then used to explain why players choose Nash equilibrium strategies.
The Nash equilibrium is the traditional solution concept in game theory. It depends on the cognitive abilities of the players. It is assumed that players are aware of the structure of the game and consciously try to predict the moves of their opponents and to maximize their own payoffs. In addition, it is presumed that all the players know this (see common knowledge). These assumptions are then used to explain why players choose Nash equilibrium strategies.
在博弈论中，纳什均衡相当于一种传统的解决方案概念，而这依赖于玩家的对它的认知。它假定玩家知道游戏的结构并且会有意识地尝试预测对手的行动以期最大程度地提高自己的收益。另外，纳什均衡也假定所有玩家都知道以下规则（请参阅'''<font color="#ff8000"> 常识性知识Common Knowledge</font>'''）。后来这些假设又被用于解释为什么游戏参与者们会选择纳什均衡策略。
Evolutionarily stable strategies are motivated entirely differently. Here, it is presumed that the players' strategies are biologically encoded and heritable. Individuals have no control over their strategy and need not be aware of the game. They reproduce and are subject to the forces of natural selection, with the payoffs of the game representing reproductive success (biological fitness). It is imagined that alternative strategies of the game occasionally occur, via a process like mutation. To be an ESS, a strategy must be resistant to these alternatives.
Evolutionarily stable strategies are motivated entirely differently. Here, it is presumed that the players' strategies are biologically encoded and heritable. Individuals have no control over their strategy and need not be aware of the game. They reproduce and are subject to the forces of natural selection, with the payoffs of the game representing reproductive success (biological fitness). It is imagined that alternative strategies of the game occasionally occur, via a process like mutation. To be an ESS, a strategy must be resistant to these alternatives.
进化均衡策略的动机则完全不同。在这一语境下玩家的策略被假定为具有生物编码性而且可遗传至下一代。玩家个人并不能控制自己的策略，也无需了解游戏规则。他们繁殖并服从自然选择，而游戏的收益则代表着繁衍成功（生物适应性）。同时可以想象，在繁衍生息过程中，游戏策略偶尔会通过类似基因突变而无计划地发生变异，产生其方案策略。之后他们会通过互相抵制直到出现最优势的策略，即进化均衡策略。
Given the radically different motivating assumptions, it may come as a surprise that ESSes and Nash equilibria often coincide. In fact, every ESS corresponds to a Nash equilibrium, but some Nash equilibria are not ESSes.
Given the radically different motivating assumptions, it may come as a surprise that ESSes and Nash equilibria often coincide. In fact, every ESS corresponds to a Nash equilibrium, but some Nash equilibria are not ESSes.
考虑到本质上全然不同的动机假设，进化均衡策略和纳什均衡偶然的一致性令人感到惊讶。实际上，每个进化均衡策略都有对应的纳什均衡，但是某些纳什均衡却不同于进化均衡策略。
== Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡==
== Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡==