更改

''"::The internal energy of a closed system is increased by an adiabatic process, throughout the duration of which, the volume of the system remains constant.<ref name="Munster 45"/>{{sfnp |Lieb|Yngvason|1999|p=49}}"''

:''"The internal energy of a closed system is increased by an adiabatic process, throughout the duration of which, the volume of the system remains constant.<ref name="Munster 45"/>{{sfnp |Lieb|Yngvason|1999|p=49}}"

''"一个封闭系统的内部能量因绝热过程增加，在整个过程中，系统的体积保持不变。<ref name="Munster 45"/>"''

''

:一个封闭系统的内部能量因绝热过程增加，在整个过程中，系统的体积保持不变。<ref name="Munster 45"/>

''"::... there is only one way in which the entropy of a [closed] system can be decreased, and that is to transfer heat from the system.<ref>Borgnakke, C., Sonntag., R.E. (2009), p. 304.</ref>"''

:''"... there is only one way in which the entropy of a [closed] system can be decreased, and that is to transfer heat from the system.<ref>Borgnakke, C., Sonntag., R.E. (2009), p. 304.</ref>"

"…只有一种方法可以减少（封闭）系统的熵，将热从系统中转移出去。<ref>Borgnakke, C., Sonntag., R.E. (2009), p. 304.</ref>"

''

:…只有一种方法可以减少（封闭）系统的熵，将热从系统中转移出去。<ref>Borgnakke, C., Sonntag., R.E. (2009), p. 304.</ref>"

与普朗克之前提出的原理不同，这一原理明确地用熵的变化来表示。从系统中去除物质也可以减少系统的熵。

与普朗克之前提出的原理不同，这一原理明确地用熵的变化来表示。从系统中去除物质也可以减少系统的熵。

=== 一个其内能有已知表达式（其扩展状态变量的函数）的系统的表述Statement for a system that has a known expression of its internal energy as a function of its extensive state variables===

=== 一个其内能有已知表达式（其扩展状态变量的函数）的系统的表述Statement for a system that has a known expression of its internal energy as a function of its extensive state variables===