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所谓同步synchronization的本意是指某事物或现象同时进行、同时产生，比如音画同步、动作同步等。

所谓同步synchronization的本意是指某事物或现象同时进行、同时产生，比如音画同步、动作同步等。

等等。

等等。

== Transport ==

 

==Transport==

Time-keeping and synchronization of clocks is a critical problem in long-distance ocean navigation.  Before [[radio navigation]] and [[Radionavigation-satellite service|satellite-based navigation]], navigators required accurate time in conjunction with astronomical observations to determine how far east or west their vessel traveled. The invention of an accurate [[marine chronometer]] revolutionized marine navigation. By the end of the 19th century, important ports provided  [[time signal]]s in the form of a signal gun, flag, or dropping [[time ball]] so that mariners could check and correct their chronometers for error.

Time-keeping and synchronization of clocks is a critical problem in long-distance ocean navigation.  Before [[radio navigation]] and [[Radionavigation-satellite service|satellite-based navigation]], navigators required accurate time in conjunction with astronomical observations to determine how far east or west their vessel traveled. The invention of an accurate [[marine chronometer]] revolutionized marine navigation. By the end of the 19th century, important ports provided  [[time signal]]s in the form of a signal gun, flag, or dropping [[time ball]] so that mariners could check and correct their chronometers for error.

 

==Communication==

== Communication ==

{{further|Synchronization in telecommunications}}

{{further|Synchronization in telecommunications}}

同步是以下领域的一个重要概念:

同步是以下领域的一个重要概念:

* [[Synchronization (computer science)|Computer science]] (In computer science, especially [[parallel computing]], synchronization refers to the coordination of simultaneous [[thread (computing)|threads]] or [[Process (computing)|processes]] to complete a task with correct runtime order and no unexpected [[race condition]]s.)

*[[Synchronization (computer science)|Computer science]] (In computer science, especially [[parallel computing]], synchronization refers to the coordination of simultaneous [[thread (computing)|threads]] or [[Process (computing)|processes]] to complete a task with correct runtime order and no unexpected [[race condition]]s.)

 

* [[Lip sync]]

*[[Cryptography]]

* [[Multimedia]]

*[[Lip sync]]

* [[Rhythm]]

*[[Multimedia]]

* [[Neural synchronization|Neuroscience]]

*[[Rhythm]]

* Photography

*[[Neural synchronization|Neuroscience]]

* [[Physics]] (The idea of [[simultaneity]] has many difficulties, both in practice and theory.)

*Photography

* [[Oscillator sync|Synthesizers]]

*[[Physics]] (The idea of [[simultaneity]] has many difficulties, both in practice and theory.)

* Telecommunication

*[[Oscillator sync|Synthesizers]]

** [[Frame synchronization]]

*Telecommunication

** [[Synchronization (video)]]

**[[Frame synchronization]]

== Dynamical systems ==

== Dynamical systems==

{{See also|Synchronization of chaos}}

{{See also|Synchronization of chaos}}

 

==Human movement==

== Human movement ==

{{primary sources|section|date=February 2017}}

{{primary sources|section|date=February 2017}}

 

==Uses==

== Uses ==

{{prose|section|date=May 2019}}

{{prose|section|date=May 2019}}

* Film synchronization of image and sound in [[sound film]]. Synchronization is important in fields such as [[digital telephony]], video and [[digital audio]] where streams of sampled data are manipulated. More sophisticated film, video, and [[sound|audio]] applications use [[time code]] to synchronize audio and video.{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}

*Film synchronization of image and sound in [[sound film]]. Synchronization is important in fields such as [[digital telephony]], video and [[digital audio]] where streams of sampled data are manipulated. More sophisticated film, video, and [[sound|audio]] applications use [[time code]] to synchronize audio and video.{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}

* Synchronization of video frames from multiple cameras for [[3D reconstruction]]<ref>Moore, Carl, et al. "[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/5636714/ Synchronization of images from multiple cameras to reconstruct a moving human]." 2010 IEEE/ACM 14th International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications. IEEE, 2010.</ref>

*Synchronization of video frames from multiple cameras for [[3D reconstruction]]<ref>Moore, Carl, et al. "[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/5636714/ Synchronization of images from multiple cameras to reconstruct a moving human]." 2010 IEEE/ACM 14th International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications. IEEE, 2010.</ref>

* In [[electric power]] systems, [[alternator synchronization]] is required when multiple generators are connected to an electrical grid.

*In [[electric power]] systems, [[alternator synchronization]] is required when multiple generators are connected to an electrical grid.

* [[Arbiter (electronics)|Arbiters]] are needed in digital electronic systems such as [[microprocessor]]s to deal with asynchronous inputs.  There are also electronic digital circuits called ''synchronizers'' that attempt to perform arbitration in one clock cycle.  Synchronizers, unlike arbiters, are prone to failure.  (See [[metastability in electronics]]).

*[[Arbiter (electronics)|Arbiters]] are needed in digital electronic systems such as [[microprocessor]]s to deal with asynchronous inputs.  There are also electronic digital circuits called ''synchronizers'' that attempt to perform arbitration in one clock cycle.  Synchronizers, unlike arbiters, are prone to failure.  (See [[metastability in electronics]]).

* [[Encryption]] systems usually require some synchronization mechanism to ensure that the receiving cipher is decoding the right bits at the right time.

*[[Encryption]] systems usually require some synchronization mechanism to ensure that the receiving cipher is decoding the right bits at the right time.

* Automotive [[transmission (mechanics)|transmissions]] contain [[synchromesh|synchronizers]] that bring the toothed rotating parts (gears and splined shaft) to the same rotational velocity before engaging the teeth.

*Automotive [[transmission (mechanics)|transmissions]] contain [[synchromesh|synchronizers]] that bring the toothed rotating parts (gears and splined shaft) to the same rotational velocity before engaging the teeth.

* [[Flash synchronization]] synchronizes the [[Flash (photography)|flash]] with the [[Shutter (photography)|shutter]].

*[[Flash synchronization]] synchronizes the [[Flash (photography)|flash]] with the [[Shutter (photography)|shutter]].

Some systems may be only approximately synchronized, or plesiochronous. Some applications require that relative offsets between events be determined. For others, only the order of the event is important.

Some systems may be only approximately synchronized, or plesiochronous. Some applications require that relative offsets between events be determined. For others, only the order of the event is important.

 

==See also==

== See also ==

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* [[Synchronicity]], an alternative organizing principle to causality conceived by [[Carl Jung]].

*[[Synchronicity]], an alternative organizing principle to causality conceived by [[Carl Jung]].

 

== References ==

==References==

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