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According to Kulish, V. V. (2002), almost every system of organization applied to the world is arranged hierarchically. By their common definitions, every nation has a government and every government is hierarchical. Socioeconomic systems are stratified into a social hierarchy (the social stratification of societies), and all systematic classification schemes (taxonomies) are hierarchical. Most organized religions, regardless of their internal governance structures, operate as a hierarchy under God. Many Christian denominations have an autocephalous ecclesiastical hierarchy of leadership. Families are viewed as a hierarchical structure in terms of cousinship (e.g., first cousin once removed, second cousin, etc.), ancestry (as depicted in a family tree) and inheritance (succession and heirship). All the requisites of a well-rounded life and lifestyle can be organized using Maslow's hierarchy of human needs. Learning must often follow a hierarchical scheme—to learn differential equations one must first learn calculus; to learn calculus one must first learn elementary algebra; and so on. Even nature itself has its own hierarchies, as numerous schemes such as Linnaean taxonomy, the organization of life, and biomass pyramids attempt to document. Hierarchies are so infused into daily life that they are viewed as trivial.

According to Kulish, V. V. (2002), almost every system of organization applied to the world is arranged hierarchically. By their common definitions, every nation has a government and every government is hierarchical. Socioeconomic systems are stratified into a social hierarchy (the social stratification of societies), and all systematic classification schemes (taxonomies) are hierarchical. Most organized religions, regardless of their internal governance structures, operate as a hierarchy under God. Many Christian denominations have an autocephalous ecclesiastical hierarchy of leadership. Families are viewed as a hierarchical structure in terms of cousinship (e.g., first cousin once removed, second cousin, etc.), ancestry (as depicted in a family tree) and inheritance (succession and heirship). All the requisites of a well-rounded life and lifestyle can be organized using Maslow's hierarchy of human needs. Learning must often follow a hierarchical scheme—to learn differential equations one must first learn calculus; to learn calculus one must first learn elementary algebra; and so on. Even nature itself has its own hierarchies, as numerous schemes such as Linnaean taxonomy, the organization of life, and biomass pyramids attempt to document. Hierarchies are so infused into daily life that they are viewed as trivial.

根据 Kulish v. v. (2002) ，几乎每个应用于世界的组织系统都是按等级排列的。按照他们的共同定义，每个国家都有一个政府，每个政府都是等级制度。社会经济系统被划分为一个社会等级(社会的社会阶层) ，所有的系统分类方案(分类法)都是分等级的。大多数有组织的宗教，不管它们的内部管理结构如何，都在上帝的统治下运作。许多基督教教派都有一个独立的教会领导层次。从表兄弟关系的角度来看，家庭被看作是一种等级结构(例如，第一代表兄弟，第二代表兄弟，等等)。) ，祖先(描述在一个家谱)和继承(继承和继承)。一个全面的生活和生活方式的所有必需品都可以用马斯洛的人类需求层次理论来组织。学习通常必须遵循一个层次结构---- 学习微分方程必须首先学习微积分; 学习微积分必须首先学习初等代数等等。甚至自然本身也有它自己的等级，许多计划，如林奈分类学，生命的组织，生物量金字塔试图记录下来。等级制度如此深入到日常生活中，以至于人们认为它们微不足道。

根据 Kulish v. v. (2002) 的研究，几乎世界上所有的组织系统都是等级分明的。按照他们的共同定义，每个国家都有一个政府，每个政府都是层级制度。社会经济系统被划分为一个社会层级(社会阶层) ，所有的系统分类方案(分类法)都是分等级的。大多数有组织的宗教，不管它们的内部管理结构如何，都在上帝之下按照层级运作。许多基督教教派都有一个独立的教会领导层次。从表亲关系（例如，第一代表兄弟，第二代表兄弟等等）、祖先(由家谱描述)和继承(继承和继承权)的角度来看，家庭可以看作是一种等级结构。一个全面的生活和生活方式的所有必需品都可以用马斯洛的人类需求层次理论来组织。学习通常必须遵循一个层次框架——学习微分方程必须先学习微积分；学习微积分必须先学习初等代数等等。甚至自然本身也有它自己的层级，许多方案试图记录下来，例如林奈分类学、生命的组织和生物量金字塔。层级制度如此深入到日常生活中，以至于人们认为它们微不足道。

While the above examples are often clearly depicted in a hierarchical form and are classic examples, hierarchies exist in numerous systems where this branching structure is not immediately apparent. For example, most postal code systems are hierarchical. Using the Canadian postal code system as an example, the top level's binding concept is the "postal district", and consists of 18 objects (letters). The next level down is the "zone", where the objects are the digits 0–9. This is an example of an overlapping hierarchy, because each of these 10 objects has 18 parents. The hierarchy continues downward to generate, in theory, 7,200,000 unique codes of the format A0A 0A0 (the second and third letter position allow 20 objects each). Most library classification systems are also hierarchical. The Dewey Decimal System is regarded as infinitely hierarchical because there is no finite bound on the number of digits can be used after the decimal point.

While the above examples are often clearly depicted in a hierarchical form and are classic examples, hierarchies exist in numerous systems where this branching structure is not immediately apparent. For example, most postal code systems are hierarchical. Using the Canadian postal code system as an example, the top level's binding concept is the "postal district", and consists of 18 objects (letters). The next level down is the "zone", where the objects are the digits 0–9. This is an example of an overlapping hierarchy, because each of these 10 objects has 18 parents. The hierarchy continues downward to generate, in theory, 7,200,000 unique codes of the format A0A 0A0 (the second and third letter position allow 20 objects each). Most library classification systems are also hierarchical. The Dewey Decimal System is regarded as infinitely hierarchical because there is no finite bound on the number of digits can be used after the decimal point.

虽然上面的例子通常以层次形式清楚地描述，并且是经典的例子，但是层次结构存在于许多系统中，其中这种分支结构并不是很明显。例如，大多数邮政编码系统是分层的。以加拿大邮政编码系统为例，顶层的绑定概念是“ postal district” ，由18个对象(字母)组成。下一层是“ zone” ，其中的对象是数字0-9。这是一个重叠层次结构的例子，因为这10个对象中的每一个都有18个父对象。层次继续向下生成，理论上，720万个 A0A 0A0格式的唯一代码(第二个和第三个字母的位置允许每个20个对象)。大多数图书分类法系统也是分等级的。杜威十进制图书分类法被认为是无限层次的，因为在小数点之后可以使用的数字数量是没有限制的。

虽然上面的例子通常以层次形式清楚地描述并且很经典，但是层次结构也存在于许多分支结构并不是很明显的系统中。例如，大多数邮政编码系统是分层的。以加拿大邮政编码系统为例，顶层的概念是“邮区 postal district”，由18个对象(字母)组成。下一层是“地区 zone”，其中的对象是数字0-9。这是重叠层次结构的一个例子，因为这10个对象中的每一个都有18个父对象。层次继续向下生成，理论上存在720万个 A0A 0A0 (第二个和第三个字母的位置每个允许20个对象)格式的唯一代码。大多数图书分类法系统也是分层级的。杜威十进制图书分类法被认为是无限层次的，因为在小数点之后可以使用的数字数量是没有限制的。

organizational hierarchy depicted in the form of a tree. Diagrams like this are called organizational charts.]]

organizational hierarchy depicted in the form of a tree. Diagrams like this are called organizational charts.]]

以树的形式描述的组织层次结构。这样的图被称为组织结构图。]

以树的形式描述的组织层次结构。这样的图被称为组织结构图。