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'''<font color="#ff8000"> 兰道尔原理 Landauer's principle </font>'''是计算能量消耗的理论下限的物理原理。它认为，"任何逻辑上不可逆转的信息操作过程，如擦除一个比特的信息或合并两条计算路径，一定伴随着信息处理设备或其环境的非载信息自由度的相应熵的增加。"。<ref name = bennett>{{Citation |arxiv=physics/0210005 |title=Notes on Landauer's principle, Reversible Computation and Maxwell's Demon |authorlink=Charles H. Bennett (computer scientist) |author=Charles H. Bennett |journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=501–510 |year=2003 |url=http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos576/papers/bennett03.pdf |accessdate=2015-02-18 |doi=10.1016/S1355-2198(03)00039-X|bibcode=2003SHPMP..34..501B |s2cid=9648186 }}</ref>

'''<font color="#ff8000"> 兰道尔原理 Landauer's principle </font>'''是计算能量消耗的理论下限的物理原理。它认为，"任何逻辑上不可逆转的信息操作过程，如擦除一个比特的信息或合并两条计算路径，一定伴随着信息处理设备或其环境的非载信息自由度的相应熵的增加。"。<ref name = bennett>{{Citation |arxiv=physics/0210005 |title=Notes on Landauer's principle, Reversible Computation and Maxwell's Demon |authorlink=Charles H. Bennett (computer scientist) |author=Charles H. Bennett |journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=501–510 |year=2003 |url=http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos576/papers/bennett03.pdf |accessdate=2015-02-18 |doi=10.1016/S1355-2198(03)00039-X|bibcode=2003SHPMP..34..501B |}}</ref>