961
个编辑
更改
跳到导航
跳到搜索
第323行：
第323行： − 这样的局部宏观强度变量的梯度被称为“热力学力”。它们的“驱动”通量密度，可能被误导为“通量”，这对力是双重的。这些数量在关于Onsager互惠关系的文章中有所定义。+ 第372行：
第372行： − +
→Flows and forces 流量与力
Such locally defined gradients of intensive macroscopic variables are called 'thermodynamic forces'. They 'drive' flux densities, perhaps misleadingly often called 'fluxes', which are dual to the forces. These quantities are defined in the article on [[Onsager reciprocal relations]].
Such locally defined gradients of intensive macroscopic variables are called 'thermodynamic forces'. They 'drive' flux densities, perhaps misleadingly often called 'fluxes', which are dual to the forces. These quantities are defined in the article on [[Onsager reciprocal relations]].
这样的局部宏观强度变量的梯度被称为“热力学力”。它们的“驱动”通量密度，可能被误导为“通量”，这对力是双重的。这些数量在关于'''<font color="#ff8000"> 昂萨格倒易关系Onsager reciprocal relations</font>'''的文章中有所定义。
The [[second law of thermodynamics]] requires that the matrix <math>L</math> be [[Positive-definite matrix|positive definite]]. [[Statistical mechanics]] considerations involving microscopic reversibility of dynamics imply that the matrix <math>L</math> is [[symmetric matrix|symmetric]]. This fact is called the ''Onsager reciprocal relations''.
The [[second law of thermodynamics]] requires that the matrix <math>L</math> be [[Positive-definite matrix|positive definite]]. [[Statistical mechanics]] considerations involving microscopic reversibility of dynamics imply that the matrix <math>L</math> is [[symmetric matrix|symmetric]]. This fact is called the ''Onsager reciprocal relations''.
热力学第二定律要求矩阵<math>L</math>为正定。涉及动力学的微观可逆性的统计力学考虑意味着矩阵L是对称的。关于动力学的微观可逆性，涉及到统计力学考虑因素认为矩阵<math>L</math>是对称的。这个事实称为昂萨格倒易关系。
热力学第二定律要求矩阵<math>L</math>为'''<font color="#ff8000"> 正定Positive definite</font>'''。涉及动力学的微观可逆性的统计力学考虑意味着矩阵<math>L</math>是对称的。关于动力学的微观可逆性，涉及到统计力学考虑因素认为矩阵<math>L</math>是对称的。这个事实称为昂萨格倒易关系。