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第160行：
第160行： − 查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文于1809年2月12日出生在什罗普郡什鲁斯伯里Shrewsbury自家山顶的小屋中。他的父亲是非常富裕的社会医生，金融家罗伯特·达尔文Robert Darwin，母亲苏珊娜·达尔文Susannah Darwin则是韦奇伍德陶器家族的女儿，达尔文在六个孩子中排名第五。他的祖父伊拉斯谟·达尔文Erasmus Darwin和约西亚·韦奇伍德Josiah Wedgwood都是著名的废奴主义者。伊拉斯谟·达尔文在他的著作《'''<font color="#ff8000"> 动物法则Zoonomia </font>'''》（1794年）中称赞了进化和'''<font color="#ff8000"> 共同祖先Common descent</font>'''这个概念。本书以一种渐进式创作的诗意幻想方式呈现，其中包括未成熟的观念，这些观念预示着他孙子未来提出的概念。+ 第170行：
第170行： − 尽管韦奇伍德一家信仰英国国教，但两个家庭基本上都是一神论主义者。罗伯特·达尔文本身是一名默默地信奉自由主义者的人。他于1809年11月在什鲁斯伯里英国国教圣乍得教堂进行了婴儿洗礼，但他和他的兄弟姐妹，还有母亲则一起去一神论教堂祷告。八岁的达尔文在1817年加入由传教士经营的日间学校时，此时他已经对自然历史和收藏产生了兴趣。那年七月，他的母亲去世了。从1818年9月起，他与哥哥伊拉斯谟一起在附近的圣公会什鲁斯伯里学校作为寄宿生就读。+ 第178行：
第178行： − 1825年夏天，达尔文作为实习医生，帮助父亲治疗什罗普郡的穷人，然后在1825年10月与他的兄弟伊拉斯谟一起就读于爱丁堡大学医学院（当时是英国最好的医学院）。达尔文发现讲座乏味，手术令人痛苦，因此他对学业丧失了兴趣。后来，他坚持了40天，每天大约一小时长的课程，从约翰·埃德蒙斯顿John Edmonstone那里学到动物标本剥制术，约翰·埃德蒙斯顿是一名重获自由的黑人奴隶，曾陪伴查尔斯·沃特顿Charles Waterton进入过南美雨林。+
→Biography 个人简介
Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, on 12 February 1809, at his family's home, The Mount.[24][25] He was the fifth of six children of wealthy society doctor and financier Robert Darwin and Susannah Darwin (née Wedgwood). His grandfathers Erasmus Darwin and Josiah Wedgwood were both prominent abolitionists. Erasmus Darwin had praised general concepts of evolution and common descent in his Zoonomia (1794), a poetic fantasy of gradual creation including undeveloped ideas anticipating concepts his grandson expanded.
Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, on 12 February 1809, at his family's home, The Mount.[24][25] He was the fifth of six children of wealthy society doctor and financier Robert Darwin and Susannah Darwin (née Wedgwood). His grandfathers Erasmus Darwin and Josiah Wedgwood were both prominent abolitionists. Erasmus Darwin had praised general concepts of evolution and common descent in his Zoonomia (1794), a poetic fantasy of gradual creation including undeveloped ideas anticipating concepts his grandson expanded.
查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文于1809年2月12日出生在什罗普郡什鲁斯伯里Shrewsbury自家山顶的小屋里，在六个孩子中排行第五。他的父亲是非常富裕的社会医生和金融家罗伯特·达尔文Robert Darwin，母亲苏珊娜·达尔文Susannah Darwin则是韦奇伍德陶器家族的女儿。他的祖父伊拉斯谟·达尔文Erasmus Darwin和约西亚·韦奇伍德Josiah Wedgwood都是著名的废奴主义者。伊拉斯谟·达尔文在他的著作《'''<font color="#ff8000"> 动物法则Zoonomia </font>'''》（1794年）中称赞了进化和'''<font color="#ff8000"> 共同祖先Common descent</font>'''这个概念。本书以一种渐进式创作的诗意幻想方式呈现，其中也含有一些尚未成熟的观念，这些观点也预示着他孙子未来所提出的理念。
Both families were largely Unitarian, though the Wedgwoods were adopting Anglicanism. Robert Darwin, himself quietly a freethinker, had baby Charles baptised in November 1809 in the Anglican St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury, but Charles and his siblings attended the Unitarian chapel with their mother. The eight-year-old Charles already had a taste for natural history and collecting when he joined the day school run by its preacher in 1817. That July, his mother died. From September 1818, he joined his older brother Erasmus attending the nearby Anglican Shrewsbury School as a boarder.
Both families were largely Unitarian, though the Wedgwoods were adopting Anglicanism. Robert Darwin, himself quietly a freethinker, had baby Charles baptised in November 1809 in the Anglican St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury, but Charles and his siblings attended the Unitarian chapel with their mother. The eight-year-old Charles already had a taste for natural history and collecting when he joined the day school run by its preacher in 1817. That July, his mother died. From September 1818, he joined his older brother Erasmus attending the nearby Anglican Shrewsbury School as a boarder.
尽管韦奇伍德一家信仰英国国教，但两个家庭基本上都是一神论主义者。罗伯特·达尔文本身是一名沉默且坚定地信奉自由主义者的人。他于1809年11月在什鲁斯伯里英国国教圣乍得教堂为达尔文进行了洗礼，但他和他的兄弟姐妹，还有母亲则一起去一神论教堂祷告。八岁的达尔文在1817年加入由传教士经营的日间学校时，已经对自然历史和收藏产生了兴趣。同年七月，他的母亲不幸去世了。从1818年9月起，他与哥哥伊拉斯谟一起在附近的圣公会什鲁斯伯里学校作为寄宿生就读。
Darwin spent the summer of 1825 as an apprentice doctor, helping his father treat the poor of Shropshire, before going to the University of Edinburgh Medical School (at the time the best medical school in the UK) with his brother Erasmus in October 1825. Darwin found lectures dull and surgery distressing, so he neglected his studies. He learned taxidermy in around 40 daily hour-long sessions from John Edmonstone, a freed black slave who had accompanied Charles Waterton in the South American rainforest.
Darwin spent the summer of 1825 as an apprentice doctor, helping his father treat the poor of Shropshire, before going to the University of Edinburgh Medical School (at the time the best medical school in the UK) with his brother Erasmus in October 1825. Darwin found lectures dull and surgery distressing, so he neglected his studies. He learned taxidermy in around 40 daily hour-long sessions from John Edmonstone, a freed black slave who had accompanied Charles Waterton in the South American rainforest.
1825年夏天，达尔文作为实习医生，帮助父亲治疗什罗普郡的穷人，然后在1825年10月与他的兄弟伊拉斯谟一起就读于爱丁堡大学医学院（当时是英国最好的医学院）。达尔文渐渐发现医学讲座乏味，手术令人痛苦，因此他对学业丧失了兴趣。后来，他在约翰·埃德蒙斯顿John Edmonstone那里坚持了40天，每天大约一小时长的课程，学到动物标本剥制术。约翰·埃德蒙斯顿是一名重获自由的黑人奴隶，曾陪伴查尔斯·沃特顿Charles Waterton进入过南美雨林。