| − | \dot{x} = f(x,r) = f(x^*,r_c)+ | + | \dot{x} = f(x,r) =f\left(x^{*}, r_{c}\right)+\left.\left(x-x^{*}\right) \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}\right|_{\left(x^{*} ; r_{c}\right)}+\left.\left(r-r_{c}\right) \frac{\partial f}{\partial r}\right|_{\left(x ; r_{c}\right)}+\left.\frac{1}{2}\left(x-x^{*}\right)^{2} \frac{\partial^{2} f}{\partial x^{2}}\right|_{\left(x ; r_{c}\right)}+\cdots |