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:Thanks to the Baldwin effect, species can be said to pretest the efficacy of particular different designs by phenotypic (individual) exploration of the space of nearby possibilities. If a particularly winning setting is thereby discovered, this discovery will ''create'' a new selection pressure: organisms that are closer in the adaptive landscape to that discovery will have a clear advantage over those more distant.

:''Thanks to the Baldwin effect, species can be said to pretest the efficacy of particular different designs by phenotypic (individual) exploration of the space of nearby possibilities. If a particularly winning setting is thereby discovered, this discovery will ''create'' a new selection pressure: organisms that are closer in the adaptive landscape to that discovery will have a clear advantage over those more distant.''

 

:由于鲍德温效应的影响，可以说物种通过对附近可能性空间的表型（个体）探索来预先测试特定不同设计的功效。若由此发现一个特别适宜的环境，该发现将导致新的选择压力:在已经适应了的旧环境中，更接近发现的新环境的生物体将较其他生物体有明显的优势。

由于鲍德温效应的影响，可以说物种通过对附近可能性空间的表型（个体）探索来预先测试特定不同设计的功效。若由此发现一个特别适宜的环境，该发现将导致新的选择压力:在已经适应了的旧环境中，更接近发现的新环境的生物体将较其他生物体有明显的优势。

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正如'''<font color="#ff8000">斯蒂格勒定律 Stigler's Law</font>'''所指，随后的研究表明，鲍德温并不是第一个发现这个过程的人; '''道格拉斯·斯波尔丁 Douglas Spalding'''在1873年提到过这个过程。<ref>Noble, R.; [[Denis Noble|Noble, D.]] (2017) Was the Watchmaker Blind? Or Was She One-Eyed? ''Biology'' 2017, 6(4), 47; doi:10.3390/biology6040047, quoting Bateson, P. The adaptability driver: Links between behaviour and evolution. Biol. Theory 2006, 1, 342–345.</ref>

正如'''<font color="#ff8000">斯蒂格勒定律 Stigler's Law</font>'''所指，随后的研究表明，鲍德温并不是第一个发现这个过程的人; '''道格拉斯·斯波尔丁 Douglas Spalding'''在1873年提到过这个过程。<ref>Noble, R.; [[Denis Noble|Noble, D.]] (2017) Was the Watchmaker Blind? Or Was She One-Eyed? ''Biology'' 2017, 6(4), 47; doi:10.3390/biology6040047, quoting Bateson, P. The adaptability driver: Links between behaviour and evolution. Biol. Theory 2006, 1, 342–345.</ref>

 

==举例==

==举例==